最新刊期
期 1 ， 2024
- 摘要：The application and promotion of the international welding quality system in China has a history of more than 20 years, covering many large-scale equipment manufacturing industries such as railway transit, engineering machinery, energy equipment, metallurgical equipment, chemical equipment, aerospace, shipbuilding, etc. It has played a good role in promoting the high-quality development of the equipment manufacturing industry. This article studies the current development status of the international welding quality system involved in it in China, This includes the latest development of the international welding quality standard system, the characteristics and directions of the development of the international welding quality system in China, and an analysis of the existing problems, laying a more solid foundation for better supporting the high-quality development of the equipment manufacturing industry and its high-quality entry into the world in the next step!关键词：International;welding;Quality system;High quality development
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：According to the phenomenon of cracking of welded structure of ultra-thick plate high-strength steel at sea, the causes of cracking were analyzed by means of comprehensive cause investigation and analysis, comprehensive crack location detection, fracture site sampling and laboratory detection. According to the specific working conditions of the structure, the advanced non-destructive testing technology of ACFM and PAUT is scientifically adopted to accurately determine the crack related information. Through fracture analysis, chemical composition analysis, metallographic detection and hardness detection, it is determined that the failure mode of the structural fracture is delayed cold crack at the weld toe of the welded member. The analysis of cracking causes of offshore ultra-thick plate high-strength steel in this paper provides valuable technical experience for subsequent product repair and high-quality manufacturing of similar products.关键词：high strength steel;delayed cold crack;failure analysis;non-destructive testing
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Digital welding technology has been gradually applied in mechanical manufacturing, automobile and other fields and achieved good results. Based on EN15085 welding system of rail vehicle and the data management of man-machine method, the existing problems of welding quality system are analyzed in this paper. In this paper, the key technologies for establishing the whole life cycle digital welding system are described, and its feasibility and necessity are demonstrated. The results show that the whole life cycle welding management system is suitable for rail transit. It is an inevitable approach to intelligent welding to improve quality management and reduce labor cost.关键词：rail vehicles;digital;welding technology;EN15085
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Through nearly a decade of efforts, China's steel bridge manufacturing industry has made significant progress in the field of steel bridge manufacturing, relying on super bridge projects such as the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge, the Shanghai Suzhou Yangtze River Bridge, the Pingtan Strait Bridge, the Padma Bridge in Bangladesh, the Shenzhong Passage, and the Changtai Yangtze River Bridge. The welding technology has also made groundbreaking breakthroughs, such as automated assembly and welding technology of steel box girder plate units, double-sided welding of U-rib fillet welds, Full penetration welding technology for U-rib fillet welds, etc. Developed high-performance bridge steel and supporting welding materials, introduced and applied robot welding equipment, and built multiple steel box girder plate unit welding production lines and steel truss chord welding production lines; Using small welding robots to achieve welding automation applications in small spaces; By adopting advanced phased array flaw detection technology and plate element damage detection technology, the overall welding quality has been improved and the overall level of steel bridge manufacturing in China has been enhanced. At present, China is moving from a bridge building country to a bridge building powerhouse.关键词：steel bridge;welding technology;welding quality;automation
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Ultrasonic testing inspection on narrow-gap nozzle butt welds in the large thickness pressure vessels is known as very difficult issue all over the word, such as complicated scanning path, relatively quantitative evaluation and low probability of detection. Finite element simulation technology was introduced to simulate the response from each defect in establishing 3D workpiece models. Optimized the Phased array probe, wedge and procedure. The procedure was demonstrated to perform acceptably by qualification block with natural defects. The results show that Phased array Ultrasonic technology designed by simulation can effectively improve the performance for narrow gap nozzle butt weld.关键词：phased array ultrasonic technology;narrow gap nozzle weld;pressure vessel;finite element simulation
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Based on more than 20 years of promotion and practice of the international welding quality management system in China, and in accordance with the requirements of certification bodies, a customer-centric welding professional service system has been formed, which includes training, consulting, auditing and other services required for company certification. After years of application and development, research and exploration are conducted based on cloud platform technology. Practice has shown that a welding quality professional service system based on cloud platforms can effectively achieve the required functions of the system, making services more convenient, efficient, and low-carbon. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the factors that affect service quality due to long-distance travel fatigue for service personnel, and certification bodies can monitor the service process at any time, making services more open, transparent, and quality controllable, To lay a more solid foundation for the professional service system of welding quality to better serve the high-quality development of equipment manufacturing industry!关键词：cloud platform;welding quality;professional service system;High quality development
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发布时间：2024-01-30
Welding Production Manufacturing and Quality Assurance
- 摘要：In this paper, according to the requirements of electron beam fuse additive manufacturing, combined with theoretical calculation, the structure of the gun is designed by using three-dimensional modeling software, including filament assembly, grid, anode, focusing coil and scanning coil. The simulation software is used to optimize the electron optical system of the electron gun. The results show that the diameter of the grid sphere is 14 mm, the diameter of the anode is 3.5 mm, the inclination angle of the anode is 140°, the distance between the anode and the cathode is 10 mm, the number of turns of the focusing coil is 1 800, the gap between the yoke is 30 mm, the inner diameter of the coil is 60 mm, and the outer diameter is 150 mm. The driving circuit of focusing and deflection scanning of electron gun is designed. The maximum current of focusing and deflection scanning can reach 1.49 A and ± 1.06 A respectively. When the scanning frequency is 2 kHz, the current in the coil can change rapidly. The performance of the electron gun is tested. The maximum withstand voltage reaches -75 kV, the power reaches 30 kW, and the fuse forming efficiency of TC4 reaches 5.16 kg/h. The electron gun developed in this paper has light structure and is suitable for moving gun in vacuum chamber. It also has good beam quality and high forming efficiency, which provides technical reserves for fuse forming of large metal structural parts关键词：electron beam;additive manufacturing;simulation;highpower EB-gun;forming efficiency
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：In order to fully understand the key factors affecting resistance welding quality of nuclear fuel rods, the forming process of fuel rod end plug resistance welding was analyzed, and the influence of welding current, upsetting pressure and welding time on the welding quality of butt weld of zirconium alloy fuel rod was discussed by using domestic pressure resistance welding equipment, compared with the imported equipment, the domestic equipment adopted new design on the core components such as upsetting device and electrode clamp, which resulted in great difference in welding forming，it was observed that Joint length of typical upsetting welding was over 2 mm that could be used by ultrasonic testing to visually detected weld defects, the inspection on appearance status of the welding and metallographic structure also showed that the domestic equipment had good welding property.关键词：fuel rod;resistance welding;upsetting forming;electrode clamp
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：A set of local dry underwater laser welding equipment has been developed to meet the underwater repair requirements of the corner positions of the spent fuel pool in nuclear power plants. It can achieve conventional underwater flat welding while focusing on the local dry underwater welding operation requirements of the fillet weld. At the same time, the device also has functions such as lighting for underwater welding positions, real-time monitoring of welding environment and welding process, and temperature and humidity monitoring of welding areas. The developed local dry underwater welding device was used to conduct underwater welding process tests on 304 stainless steel materials commonly used in the spent fuel pool of nuclear power plants. The results showed that the formation of underwater welding seams was good, and the macroscopic morphology, cross-sectional morphology, and metallographic structure of underwater welding seams were not significantly different from those formed in the air environment. The research results of this article lay a technical foundation for the underwater online repair of future spent fuel pools, as well as the underwater maintenance of key equipment in high-level environments such as nuclear power plant internals.关键词：fillet weld;laser welding;local dry method;device development
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：The welding fixture is the main part of the welding production line of the automobile body-in-white, its function is to position and clamp the body parts to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the body welding. The traditional manual fixture design requires a lot of manpower and a long design cycle. An intelligent welding fixture design idea is proposed to automate the process of fixture structure design, which consumes time and force. With CATIA as the platform, the feature extraction of welding fixture parts is carried out, and the feature of parts is taken as the main control parameter in parameter design, and the design table of fixture parts is established. Combined with object oriented knowledge expression method, knowledge expression of fixture features is carried out. Python is used to develop the preliminary automatic design program, which can automatically design the welding fixture structure after reading the normalized fixture anchor point information (MCP) file. This design method can greatly reduce human resources requirements of the fixture design, shorten the design cycle.关键词：welding fixture design;parametric design;feature;object-oriented
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发布时间：2024-01-30
Welding Equipment
- 摘要：Surfacing experiment was carried out for A6061 aluminum alloy by additive friction stir deposition (AFSD). The microstructure and morphology of surfacing layer were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and the influence of process parameters on the shape and grain size of surfacing layer was analyzed, and the tensile properties were tested. The results show that under the condition that other process parameters are constant, when the surfacing spreading efficiency of thermoplastic variable material in the length direction is the highest, the rotation speed of the metal bar is 338 r/min, the feeding rate is 440 mm/min, and the gap between the bottom of the tool and the surface of the metal base plate is 2.8 mm. Additionally, grain size of surfacing layer decreases obviously at first and then slows down with the increase of feeding rate. Grain size of surfacing layer increases with the increase of rotating speed of metal bar. The sequence of grain size in each area of surfacing layer is: center > top > bottom. The tensile strength and yield strength of surfacing material are slightly higher than that of forging material, and their elongation is basically the same.关键词：additive friction stir deposition;surfacing layer;grain size tensile property
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：The manual arc welding method is used to overlay the ENiCrFe-3 nickel interlayer between COSTE heat resistant steel and Stellite6 alloy, and the COSTE steel/Stellite6 alloy surfacing plate is used as the comparison sample. The effect of ENiCrFe-3 intermediate layer on the composition, microstructure and impact properties of COSTE steel/Stellite6 alloy surfacing plate was studied by means of scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, impact testing machine and finite element software. The results show that the intermediate layer of ENiCrFe-3 has a good metallurgical bonding with COSTE steel and Stellite6 alloy, and no new brittle phases are introduced in the surfacing samples; The impact energy of the COSTE/Stellite6 surfacing plate is 28 J, and after adding the ENiCrFe-3 intermediate layer, the impact energy of the surfacing plate increased to 55 J. The fracture mode of the ENiCrFe-3 intermediate layer is ductile fracture, while that of the Stellite6 alloy is brittle fracture. The ENiCrFe-3 nickel intermediate layer can reduce the residual internal stress value at the interface of the surfacing plate.关键词：Stellite6 alloy;ENiCrFe-3 alloy;microstructure;impact energy
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Micro beam TIG welding was carried out on the edge joint of 0.2 mm 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel end joint, using two forms of continuous welding and pulse welding. The effects of welding current and welding speed on the weld formation and joint were studied..Resultsshow that the welding width increases with the increase of welding current, and the depth of penetration also increases. Smaller welding widths and greater depths of penetration can be achieved with pulse welding at the same effective current. The tensile strength of the joint increases first and then decreases with the increase of welding current. The tensile strength of the joint is improved by pulse welding, and the maximum tensile strength of the joint is 1 070 N, higher than 950 N of continuous welding. After welding, more δ ferrite appeared in the base material of austenite grains, which are divided into multiple layers by the fusion line by pulse welding method. The microstructure at the fusion line is the worm or strip δ ferrite distributed on the austenite grains.关键词：stainless steel;edge joint;micro-beam TIG;joint properties;microstructure
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing technology is a kind of advanced manufacturing technology which has the characteristics of fast net proximity forming. Due to the lack of stability, low precision and easy to produce various defects in aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing process, this technology needs to be optimized. To optimize the additive manufacturing process of aluminum alloy, the optimization effect of the wire induction preheating process is studied,using TIG welding machine as heat source, thin wall components were fabricated by adding ER4043 welding wire on pure aluminum substrate, the process parameters of induction preheating welding wire were explored, the microstructure analysis and test of the forming parts were conducted.Through single-pass test and additive manufacturing of thin-wall samples, it is concluded that the accumulation efficiency of hot wire process is greater than that of cold wire process, the shape morphology is better than that of cold wire process, the number of pores in the formed parts is greatly reduced, the hardness is significantly increased, and the optimization effect of induction preheating welding wire process on the additive manufacturing technology of aluminum alloy is remarkable.关键词：electric arc additive manufacturing;TIG;sensory preheating;microstructure;pore
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Based on 3 mm thickness 2024-T4 Alloys, the three-dimensional model for heat source of stationary shoulder friction stir welding is established by using numerical simulation software ABAQUS. The temperature and residual stress field distributions of stationary shoulder friction stir welding of 2024-T4 is analyzed, and the effects of rotational velocities ranging from 800 mm/min to 1 200 mm/min on residual stress were investigated in detail. The results show that the high temperature region of the cross-section appeared to be a bowl-shaped distribution, and the shape for the stationary shoulder friction stir welding was similar to the rotating pin. Stationary shoulder friction stir welding was beneficial to decreasing the peak temperature of stir zone and then obtaining a narrower area compared with conventional shoulder. The shape of the longitudinal residual stress in section perpendicular to the weld presented “M”after welding. The residual stress increased with the increase of rotational velocity under different processes. The stationary shoulder provided synchronous rolling during welding,which reduced 45.6% peak residual stress.关键词：2024-T4 alloys;stationary shoulder friction stir welding;rotational velocity;residual stress
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：Fusion welding is the most widely used connection method and the most mature welding technology in industrial production. The use of fusion welding welds will inevitably result in problems such as non-melting sidewalls, edge gnawing and coarse grain size, resulting in lower joint performance.In order to better solve the problems in welding, rotary arc welding technology is proposed.Compared with ordinary welding, the rotating arc coupling force in the rotating arc can accelerate the mass and heat transfer in the weld by the stirring and crushing effect on the molten pool during welding. And refine the grain to reduce the residual stress of the weld, can solve the common problems in the welding, to obtain high-quality welds and improve the service life of the welded joints. The article mainly reviews the current research status of welding technology based on applied magnetic field, asymmetric tungsten electrode rotating arc, and cable-type wire melting electrode rotating arc. It points out the problems that still exist in the current rotary arc welding technology, and looks forward to the application prospects of the related technology.关键词：rotating arc welding;applied magnetic field;asymmetric tungsten rotary arc;cable welding wire
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：TIG welding common welding consumables produces high quality welds and beautiful weld shapes. However, when welding thicker plates and pipes, the welding penetration is small and the welding productivity is low. Coating a layer of special active agent on the surface of the workpiece to be welded for TIG welding can increase the penetration depth and reduce the penetration width, which is the so-called A-TIG welding. This paper studies the influence of three different active agents on the TIG welding of a 20# steel thick-walled pipe with a thickness of
54 mm×8 mm. The results showed that the appearance quality of the joint with No. 3 active agent was the best, followed by No. 2 active agent, and the worst with No. 1 active agent. The penetration depths of the three active agents are all greater than 8 mm, and the penetration depth increases are all above 3.211 mm. Thick-walled pipes without active agent cannot be welded through. For the samples welded with No. 2 active flux, the average width of the front side of the weld is 8.639 mm and the average width of the back side is 7.621 mm. The effect of increasing the penetration depth is the most obvious. The microstructure of 20# steel pipe base metal is ferrite and pearlite. The structure of the heat-affected zone of the joint is larger than that of the base metal, and the grains in the weld zone are further grown. At the austenite grain boundary, acicular coarse proeutectoid ferrite is produced, and the main structure is still a mixture of pearlite and ferrite, and a small amount of upper bainite and lath martensite. The tensile specimens with three active agents all fractured on the base material, and the weld strength was higher than that of the base material. 关键词：active agent;TIG welding;penetration;microstructure;mechanical properties- 3
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：As a common welded joint, T-shaped corner joint is widely used in railway freight box structure. The force of the joint is complicated, and the fatigue performance of the joint plays a key role in the safety of the vehicle when the truck is running. Three point bending fatigue tests and fatigue fracture scanning tests have been carried out on T - shaped Angle joint of Q450NQR1 high strength weathering steel with different shapes. The test results show that the median fatigue limits of a10 fillet weld, outward convex weld and inward concave weld are 289MPa, 277.5MPa and 241MPa from high to low. The fatigue specimens were cracked between the weld toe or weld respectively, and the crack at the weld toe extended to the base metal. By observing the fracture morphology, it can be seen that each region has typical fatigue fracture characteristics, and there are clear and fine stripes in the fracture initiation zone in the same direction as the expansion. This stripe is a kind of outward-radiating tearing edge with a certain height difference. The expansion zone expanded with the increase of fatigue cycles, the cracks were distributed like rivers, and dimples of different sizes and depths were observed in the final fault zone, so it was judged that the fracture was dimple-type ductile fracture.关键词：high strength weathering steel;T-shaped fillet joint;three-point bending;fatigue properties
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发布时间：2024-01-30 - 摘要：In order to meet the welding requirements of S460 steel with Min. 460 MPa yield strength according to EEMUA 158 and DNV C401 standards in offshore engineering construction, the welding procedure qualification tests of as-welded EN10025 S460 structural steel were carried out according to EEMUA 158 and DNV C401. The visual inspection, non-destructive inspection, relevant mechanical tests are carried out and meet the requirements of EEMUA 158 and DNV C401.The welding process qualification test obtained the approval of DNV. This work provides a reference for the welding procedure qualification of similar products.关键词：EEMUA;DNV;S460 Steel;welding procedure qualification
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发布时间：2024-01-30
Welding Technology
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