30Cr3超高强度钢淬火态激光焊接接头组织及性能分析

夏灵; 高健; 单秀峰; 宋晓娇; 潘丽华

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.06.19

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30Cr3超高强度钢淬火态激光焊接接头组织及性能分析
Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of Laser Welded Joints of Quenched 30Cr3 Ultra-high Strength Steel
2024年54卷第6期页码：120-124
纸质出版日期： 2024-06-25 ，
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.06.19
稿件说明：

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夏灵，高健，单秀峰，等.30Cr3超高强度钢淬火态激光焊接接头组织及性能分析［J］.电焊机，2024，54（6）：120-124.

XIA Ling, GAO Jian, SHAN Xiufeng, et al.Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of Laser Welded Joints of Quenched 30Cr3 Ultra-high Strength Steel[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(6): 120-124.
夏灵，高健，单秀峰，等.30Cr3超高强度钢淬火态激光焊接接头组织及性能分析［J］.电焊机，2024，54（6）：120-124. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.06.19.

XIA Ling, GAO Jian, SHAN Xiufeng, et al.Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of Laser Welded Joints of Quenched 30Cr3 Ultra-high Strength Steel[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(6): 120-124. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.06.19.

摘要

为了分析淬火态30Cr3超高强度钢激光焊接接头的微观组织特点、力学性能及断口特征，采用碟式激光发生器和KUKA机器人进行激光自熔焊接，工艺参数为：激光功率4 200 W、焊接速度1.45 m/min、离焦量+5 mm、保护气流量25 L/min。利用光学显微镜、金相显微镜、显微硬度计和拉伸机等对焊接接头进行分析检测。结果表明，在优化的激光焊接工艺下，焊缝成形良好，无裂纹、咬边等缺陷；焊缝区组织为树枝晶状，热影响区组织为粗大的马氏体，部分相变区为回火屈氏体+回火马氏体；显微硬度测试显示焊缝熔池处硬度最高，平均值为589 HV，部分相变区硬度最低，平均值为482 HV；焊接接头的平均抗拉强度为1 727 MPa，达到母材的96.7%，平均延伸率为5.6%；断裂位置集中在热影响区，断裂方式为韧性断裂。试验证明，30Cr3超高强度钢在淬火状态下通过激光焊接可以获得接近母材性能的焊接接头，尽管存在部分相变区的软化现象，但焊接接头的整体力学性能良好，为固体火箭发动机壳体等承压件的制造提供了一种可行的焊接工艺方法。

Abstract

In order to analyze the microstructure characteristics

mechanical properties

and fracture features of the laser-welded joints of quenched 30Cr3 ultra-high strength steel

a disc-type laser generator and KUKA robot were used for laser self-fusion welding. The welding process parameters were set as a laser power of 4 200 W

welding speed of 1.45 m/min

defocus distance of +5 mm

and shielding gas flow rate of 25 L/min. The welded joints were analyzed and tested using optical microscopy

metallographic microscopy

microhardness tester

and tensile testing machine. The results show that under the optimized laser welding process

the weld formation is good

with no defects such as cracks and undercuts; the microstructure of the weld zone is dendritic

the heat-affected zone is composed of coarse martensite

and some phase transformation zones consist of tempered troostite + tempered martensite; microhardness testing indicates that the hardness of the weld pool is the highest

with an average value of 589 HV

and the hardness of some phase change zones is the lowest

with an average value of 482 HV; the average tensile strength of the welded joint is 1 727 MPa

reaching 96.7% of the base material

with an average elongation rate of 5.6%; the fracture location is concentrated in the heat-affected zone

and the fracture mode is ductile fracture. The experiment proves that the 30Cr3 ultra-high strength steel can obtain a welded joint with performance close to the base material through laser welding in the quenched state. Although there is some softening phenomenon in the partial phase change zone

the overall mechanical properties of the welded joint are good

providing a feasible welding process method for the manufacturing of pressure-containing parts such as solid rocket engine casings.

关键词

30Cr3超高强度钢淬火态激光焊接组织特点力学性能

Keywords

30Cr3 ultra-high strength steelquenchedlaser weldingmicrostructuremechanical

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