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纸质出版日期： 2024-03-25 ，
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李奕彤，殷子强，申博，等.碳化物取向对Fe-Cr-C耐磨涂层抗磨损性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2024，54（3）：12-17.
LI Yitong, YIN Ziqiang, SHEN Bo, et al.Effect of the Orientation of Carbide on the Anti-wear Performance of Fe-Cr-C Wear-Resistant Coating[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(3): 12-17.
为研究不同冷却条件下制备的高铬合金耐磨涂层中碳化物取向对抗磨损性能的影响。使用高铬合金药芯焊丝在Q235基板上通过基材背面强制冷却和自然冷却两种不同的方式，制备了两组具有不同碳化物取向的耐磨涂层，即水冷试样A和自然冷却试样B。通过金相组织和显微硬度对比，分析滑动摩擦实验和冲击磨粒磨损实验的结果，来揭示碳化物取向对耐磨合金摩擦学特性的影响机理。结果表明，具有大量垂直取向（Fe、Cr）
7
C
3
初生碳化物的A组正面显微硬度比析出相以共晶混合物和团簇状（Fe、Cr）
7
C
3
初生碳化物为主的B组高16.92%；A组在滑动摩擦实验中粘着磨损分布较少，存在大量微裂纹，摩擦系数逐步下降，磨损率为0.007%，B组则存在大量金属颗粒粘着，摩擦系数呈上升趋势，磨损率0.015%高于A组。冲击磨粒磨损实验中，A组表面形貌以部分浅犁沟和脆性断裂导致的脱落和裂缝为主，B组表面形貌则以大量长且浅的犁沟和微切削引起的剥落坑与粘着层为主；对比失重曲线，A组磨损率为0.75%，B组磨损率为0.42%，因此具有大量横向碳化物分布的B组具有更好的冲击磨损性能。
The study aims to investigate the effects of carbide orientation on the wear resistance of high-chromium alloy coatings prepared under different cooling conditions. Using high-chromium alloy flux-cored welding wires
two groups of wear-resistant coatings with different carbide orientations were prepared on Q235 substrates
namely water-cooled sample A and naturally cooled sample B. The results of sliding friction and impact abrasive wear experiments were analyzed by comparing the microstructure and microhardness
to reveal the mechanism of the effects of carbide orientation on the tribological properties of wear-resistant alloys. The results show that the front microhardness of group A with a large amount of vertically oriented (Fe
Cr)
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C
3
primary carbides is 16.92% higher than that of group B
which is mainly composed of eutectic mixtures and clusters of (Fe
Cr)
7
C
3
primary carbides. In the sliding friction experiment
group A exhibits less adhesive wear distribution and a large number of microcracks
with the friction coefficient gradually decreasing to 0.007%; while group B shows a large number of metal particle adhesions
with the friction coefficient showing an upward trend
and the wear rate of 0.015% is higher than that of group A. In the impact abrasive wear experiment
the surface topography of group A is mainly characterized by shallow furrows and brittle fractures
while that of group B is mainly characterized by a large number of long and shallow furrows and spalling pits caused by micro-cutting; by comparing the weight loss curves
the wear rate of group A is 0.75%
while that of group B is 0.42%
indicating that group B with a large amount of lateral carbide distribution exhibits better impact wear resistance.
堆焊M7C3碳化物取向冲击磨粒磨损
overlayM7C3carbide Orientationimpact wear
Romanova V， Zinovieva O， Balokhonov R， et al. Effects of the grain shape and crystallographic texture on the grain-scale mechanical behavior of additively manufactured aluminum alloys［J］. ManufacturingAdditive，2021，48：102415.
赵梓淳，苏允海，黄宏军，等. 铬碳化合物对Fe-Cr-C堆焊层组织耐磨性影响的研究［J］. 热加工工艺，2015，44（16）：60-62.
ZHAO Z C， SU Y H， HUANG H J， et al. Effect of Chromium carbon Compounds on microstructure wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C surfacing layer［J］. Hot Working Technology，2015，44（16）：60-62.
魏世忠，徐流杰. 钢铁耐磨材料研究进展［J］. 金属学报，2020，52（04）：523-538.
WEI S Z， XU L J. Research progress of steel wear resistant materials［J］. Acta Metallica Sinica，2020，52（04）：523-538.
Sun J H， Liu X F， Yang Y H， et al. Interfacial gradient M7C3 carbides precipitation behavior and strengthening mechanisms of stainless steel/carbon steel clad plates［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology，2022，21：3476-3488.
Li L J， Li W M， Zhang B， et al. In-situ observation of growth characteristics of M7C3 carbides in hypoeutectic Fe-Cr-C alloys［J］. Materials Characterization，2022， 191：112143.
Zhang Y C， Song R B， Wang Y J， et al. The stepped growth mechanisms of micro-sized hexagonal M7C3 carbides： Self-assembly shell and epitaxial layered core［J］. Materials Characterization， 2023，198：112747.
陆斌锋，唐普洪，芦凤桂，等. 激光与电子束熔覆（Fe，Cr）7C3复合层组织及耐磨性对比［J］. 中国表面工程，2014，27（4）；76-81.
Lu B F， Tang P H， Lu F G， et al. Comparison of microstructure and wear resistance of laser and electron beam cladding （Fe，Cr）7C3 composites［J］. China Surface Engineering，2014，27（4）：76-81.
Liu W，Jin T N，Li S H， et al. Microscopic study of carbide precipitation during heat treatment of 35Cr-4C high chromium cast iron［J］. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals，2022，75：3017-3028.
Sayed A M， Alanazi H. Performance of steel metal prepared using different welding cooling methods［J］.Case Studies in Construction Materials，2022，16：e00953.
Dogan O N，Hawk J A. Effect of carbide orientation on abrasion of high Cr white cast iron［J］. Wear，1995，189：136-142.
Hornung J，Zikin A，Pichelbauer K，et al. Influence of cooling speed on the microstructure and wear behaviour of hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C hardfacings［J］. Materials Science & Engineering A， 2013，576：243-251.
Wang Z H，Wang Q B，Cui L，et al. Influence of cooling rate and composition onorientation of primary carbides of Fe-Cr-C hardfacing alloys［J］. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining，2008，13（7）：656-662.
Zhang J L， Wei J J， Wei S Z， et al. Effect of interlayer temperature and extremely low terminal cooling temperature on the microstructure and wear resistance of Fe-based hardfacing alloy［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology，2023，23：4105-4116.
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