SLM成形金属薄壁件表面缺陷形成机理研究

左寒松; 徐向辉; 金文中; 柳翊; 曹永青; 伊浩

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.06.03

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SLM成形金属薄壁件表面缺陷形成机理研究
Study on Formation Mechanism of Surface Defects of Metal Thin-wall Parts by SLM
2023年53卷第6期页码：15-22
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.06.03

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左寒松，徐向辉，金文中，等.SLM成形金属薄壁件表面缺陷形成机理研究［J］.电焊机，2023，53（6）：15-22.

ZUO Hansong, XU Xianghui, JIN Wenzhong, et al.Study on Formation Mechanism of Surface Defects of Metal Thin-wall Parts by SLM[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(6): 15-22.
左寒松，徐向辉，金文中，等.SLM成形金属薄壁件表面缺陷形成机理研究［J］.电焊机，2023，53（6）：15-22. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.06.03.

ZUO Hansong, XU Xianghui, JIN Wenzhong, et al.Study on Formation Mechanism of Surface Defects of Metal Thin-wall Parts by SLM[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(6): 15-22. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.06.03.

摘要

选区激光熔化技术（SLM）被认为是最具潜力的金属增材制造技术之一。对SLM成形316L不锈钢薄壁件侧壁表面形成机理与优化策略进行了研究。实验结果发现：随着体能量密度的逐渐提升，SLM成形金属薄壁件侧壁粘粉、凹陷（孔隙）等表面缺陷及壁厚精度均呈现分段性变化，即熔池烧结存在固相烧结、稳态传导和非稳定匙孔三种模式。不同体能量密度条件下的熔池热、动力学行为耦合作用改变，使得各种表面缺陷的分布、形貌乃至形成过程均不同。重点分析了叠层褶皱、道内震荡褶皱及飞溅沉积褶皱三类表面褶皱形貌的形成机理。上述研究为提高SLM成形复杂薄壁结构表面质量提供了实验与理论借鉴。

Abstract

Selective laser sintering (SLM) was considered as one of the most potential metal additive manufacturing technologies. The formation and improvement of the side surface quality of 316L thin-walled parts formed by SLM was studied in this paper. The results show that the surface defects including sticking powders, depression (pore), and the wall thickness deviation of SLMed metal thin-walled parts have the similar piecewise change trends with the increase of bulk energy density. It could be inferred that there are three sintering modes of molten pool including solid-state sintering, steady-state conduction and unstable keyhole. Under different bulk energy density, the different coupling effects of the thermal and dynamic behavior of molten pool makes the distribution, morphology and formation mechanism of various surface defects changed. And then the formation mechanism of three kinds of surface ripples was also analyzed innovatively. The above research could provide some experimental and theoretical experience for improving the surface quality of complex thin-walled structures formed by SLM.

关键词

选择性激光熔化技术表面缺陷熔池行为金属薄壁件

Keywords

SLMsurface defectsmolten poolmetal thin-wall parts

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