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刘治宇，冯宇轩，刘政军，等.稀土元素Y对铁基耐磨堆焊层组织和性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2023，53（5）：107-112.
LIU Zhiyu, FENG Yuxuan, LIU Zhengjun, et al.Effect of Rare Earth Element Y on Structure and Properties of Iron-Based Wear-Resistant Surfacing Layer[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(5): 107-112.
通过改变稀土元素Y在高铬铸铁耐磨合金体系中的添加量，研究Y元素对堆焊层组织和性能的影响，从而使堆焊层组织发生良性转变，达到提高堆焊合金耐磨性的目的。采用药芯焊丝混合气体保护法明弧堆焊的方法在母材Q235钢表面制作堆焊合金，采用XRD、SEM对堆焊层进行微观组织观察及物相表征；通过洛氏硬度计、湿砂橡胶轮式磨损测试机进行宏观硬度测试、磨损性能测试，并观察磨损形貌，对堆焊层耐磨性进行评价。结果发现，堆焊层主要由奥氏体（γ-Fe）、铁素体（α-Fe）、M,7,（C，B）,3,、M,2,B相组成，添加适量的稀土元素Y后，可以使硬质相分布更加均匀，晶粒更加细小。随着Y元素添加量的提高，堆焊层的硬度、磨损量呈现先减小后增加的趋势。Y元素添加量为1.6%时，堆焊层硬度为67.5 HRC，较未添加时提高17.2 HRC；此时磨损量最小为0.864 g，磨损机制为磨粒磨损。
The effect of rare earth element Y on the microstructure and properties of the surfacing layer is studied by changing the amount of Y element added in the high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant alloy system, thus the microstructure of the surfacing layer has a benign transformation, so as to improve the wear resistance of the surfacing alloy. The flux-cored wire mixed gas shielded open arc surfacing method is used to make surfacing alloy on the surface of base material Q235 steel, and XRD and SEM are used to observe the microstructure of the surfacing layer and characterize the phase; by Rockwell hardness tester, wet sand rubber wheel abrasion tester conducts macroscopic hardness test, abrasion performance test, and observes the abrasion morphology to evaluate the wear resistance of the surfacing layer. The results show that the surfacing layer is mainly composed of austenite (γ-Fe), ferrite (α-Fe), M,7,(C,B),3, M,2,B phase, and adding an appropriate amount of Y element can make the hard phase distribution more uniform and the grains more fine. With the increase of the additive amount of Y element, the hardness and wear of the surfacing layer decrease first and then increase. When the additive amount of Y element is 1.6%, the hardness of the overlay layer reaches 67.5 HRC, which is 17.2 HRC higher than that without addition. The minimum wear amount is 0.864 g, and the wear mechanism is abrasive wear.
稀土Fe-Cr-C-B堆焊合金硬质相耐磨性Y元素
rare earthFe-Cr-C-B surfacing alloyhard phasewear resistanceY element
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