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王成，孙乎浩，陈澄，等.可伐合金表面Ni/Au镀覆方式和镀层厚度对激光封焊裂纹的影响［J］.电焊机，2022，52（9）：53-59.
WANG Cheng, SUN Huhao, CHEN Cheng, et al.Influence of Ni/Au Plating Process and Plating Thickness of Kovar Alloy on Laser Seal Welding Cracks[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2022, 52(9): 53-59.
可伐合金作为微波组件气密封装的金属外壳，表面通常镀覆Ni/Au作为防护层及钎焊层。采用LW600AE型激光器对表面镀覆不同Ni/Au层的可伐合金壳体及盖板进行激光封焊以获得外形美观、气密性合格的焊接接头，并分析可伐合金表面Ni/Au层镀覆工艺及镀层厚度对焊接接头裂纹的影响。结果表明，化学镀Ni层中的P元素及电镀Au层中的Au元素相对可伐合金中的其他元素熔点较低，极易气化且形成多种低熔点共晶，产生焊接裂纹。Au层厚度小于0.8 μm时，表面电镀Ni/电镀Au的可伐合金焊接接头未产生裂纹；随着Au层厚度的增加，焊缝中融入的Au元素增多，接头裂纹倾向增加，裂纹增大。电镀Ni层厚度的增加不会导致裂纹产生。电镀Ni层厚度8~11 μm，电镀Au层厚度0.1~0.3 μm时，可伐合金的微波组件外壳焊接接头质量较好，同时具有较好的防护及钎焊性能。
The Kovar alloy with Ni/Au plating as a protective layer and brazing layer is used as the metal shell for the gas tight package of microwave assembly. The LW600AE laser is used to conduct the laser seal welding of the shell and cover plate of Kovar alloy with Ni/Au plating to obtain the welded joints with beautiful appearance and qualified air tightness, and the influence of the Ni/Au plating process and plating thickness on the cracks of welded joints are analyzed. The results show that the P element in electroless plating Ni finish and Au element in electroplating Au finish have lower melting points compared to other elements in Kovar alloy, and are very easy vaporized to form a variety of low melting point eutectic, which causes cracks. When the thickness of Au finish on the surface of Kovar alloy with electroplating Ni and Au is less than 0.8μm, no cracks occur. As the thickness of Au finish increases, a large amount of Au elements integrate into the weld, the tendency and length of cracks in welding joints improve. The increase of electroplating Ni finish does not lead to crack generation. When the electroplating Ni finish is 8~11 um, electroplating Au finish is 0.1~0.3um, the quality of welded joint of microwave assembly is good, and better protection and brazing properties are obtained.
可伐合金Ni/Au层激光封焊裂纹镀覆工艺
Kovar alloyNi/Au finsheslaser seal weldingcracksplating process
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