防爆壳体焊口装配质量的激光视觉检测方法

防爆壳体焊口装配质量的激光视觉检测方法 Laser vision testing method for welding joint assembly quality of explosion-proof shell 张鹏贤 ZHANG Pengxian 1 first-author 刘昊 LIU Hao 1 雷飚 LEI Biao 2 李锦龙 LI Jinlong 1 兰州理工大学有色金属先进加工与再利用省部共建国家重点实验室 兰州理工大学有色金属先进加工与再利用省部共建国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals,Lanzhou University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals,Lanzhou University of Technology 甘肃容和矿用设备集团有限公司 甘肃容和矿用设备集团有限公司 Gansu Ronghe Coal Mine Equipment Group Co .,Ltd Gansu Ronghe Coal Mine Equipment Group Co .,Ltd 提出了一种矿用防爆壳体焊口装配质量信息参数间隙量、错边量的激光视觉检测方法。首先,搭建了一套以摄像机、光栅激光器、计算机为核心的视觉测量系统,获取壳体底部装配焊口的光栅条纹图像。通过分析光栅条纹与装配焊口的耦合情况,得到了光栅条纹特征点跟随装配间隙量、错边量变化的相关关系。其次,将图像中的光栅条纹进行分割、细化,获取条纹轮廓点坐标,通过计算机自动搜索数据得到光栅条纹的特征点坐标,建立光栅条纹特征点矩阵。最后基于特征点矩阵建立焊口装配间隙量、错变量的求取算法,并建立了基于焊口间隙量、错变量的焊口装配质量评价指标及方法。验证结果表明,视觉测量系统获取的壳体装配信息与人工测量结果吻合度高,可代替人工测量实现装配质量的评判。 A laser vision detection method for welding joint assembly quality information parameters of mine explosionproof shell is proposed. Firstly, a set of vision measurement system with camera, grating laser and computer as the core is built to obtain the grating fringe image of the bottom of the shell with welding joint. By analyzing the coupling between the grating fringe and the welding joint, the correlation between the feature points of the grating fringe and the amount of the assembly gap and the amount of the wrong side is obtained. Secondly, the grating fringe in the image is segmented and refined to obtain the coordinates of the fringe contour points. The characteristic point coordinates of the grating fringe are obtained by automatically searching the data of the computer, and the matrix of the feature points of the grating fringe is established. Finally, based on the characteristic point matrix, the algorithm of welding joint assembly gap and error variable is established, and the welding joint assembly quality evaluation index and method based on welding joint gap and error variable are established. The verification results show that the assembly information obtained by the vision measurement system is in good agreement with the manual measurement results, which can replace the manual measurement to realize the evaluation of assembly quality. 防爆壳体 视觉测量 激光光栅 焊口装配检测 explosion-proof shell visual measurement laser grating welding joint assembly inspection TD684;TG441.7 2022-03-08 11 51