新型飞机用铝合金薄壁件的选区激光熔化成形研究

新型飞机用铝合金薄壁件的选区激光熔化成形研究 Selective laser melted aluminum alloy thin-walled parts of new generation aircraft structures 赵鑫 ZHAO Xin 1 first-author 虞雨洭 YU Yukuang 1 吴圣川 WU Shengchuan 1 corresp wusc@swjtu.edu.cn 齐世文 QI Shiwen 2 李飞 Li Fei 2 李光俊 LI Guangjun 2 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University 航空工业成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 航空工业成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co.,Ltd. AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co.,Ltd. 高效率、短流程、一体化成形复杂金属件对新型飞机结构优化、成本降低具有重要意义。针对飞机用复杂薄壁零件开展选区激光熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)成形AlSi10Mg合金设计优化和工艺研究,讨论了激光功率、扫描间距、保护气氛和热处理温度对成形质量的影响。结果表明,在较优工艺参数下,SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金组织致密,孔洞少,沉积态室温拉伸性能相较于铸件有明显提高;零件内部与表面质量良好,热处理后零件侧壁各方向尺寸与设计值正负偏差在0.2 mm以内,满足新型飞机复杂零件装配设计要求。 High efficiency,short process and integrated forming of complex precision metallic parts are of great significance to the structural optimization and cost reduction of advanced aircrafts. In this work,the structural design optimization and processing adaptability of AlSi10Mg alloy thin-walled metallic components for new aircrafts were performed using selective laser melting（SLM）. The influence of laser power,hatch spacing,shielding gas and heat treatment on the manufacturing quality was discussed in details. The results show that under a set of optimized processing parameters,AlSi10Mg alloy formed by SLM shows a dense structure and fewer pores,and its deposited tensile properties at room temperature are superior to those of castings. The internal and surface qualities of the obtained parts are also good,and the geometry accuracy of the side walls after heat treatment is within 0.2 mm,which meets the assembly design requirements of complex new aircraft parts. 增材制造 AlSi10Mg合金 飞机结构 拉伸性能 尺寸精度 additive manufacturing AlSi10Mg alloy aircraft structure tensile properties geometry accuracy V261 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFB1100400） 2022-03-08 3 51