Combining test data and literature data,it is analyzed that four types of welding materials,385,316LMn,316L,and modified type 308L,can be used for welding of ultra-low temperature 304L austenitic stainless steel,and can meet the requirement of the impact energy of the weld metal at-196 ℃ ≥50 J. The welding process evaluation tests were carried out for 385,316LMn,modified type 308L electrodes and 316 L rod,each mechanical property met the requirements of the standard. Compared with the chemical composition and -196 ℃ impact test data of the weld,it was proved that with the increase of the content of ferrite in the weld,the impact value was obviously reduced,and the ultra-low temperature toughness of GTAW was better than SMAW. By controlling the number of ferrites of the four types of welding materials within 2 FN,the impact energy of the weld metal at -196 ° C can be greater than 50 J.