增材制造TiAl合金的研究现状及展望

增材制造TiAl合金的研究现状及展望 Research progress and prospects of TiAl alloy produced by additive manufacturing technology 王林 WANG Lin 1 first-author 沈忱 SHEN Chen 1 张弛 ZHANG Chi 1 李芳 LI Fang 1 华学明 HUA Xueming 1 上海交通大学上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室 上海交通大学上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室 Shanghai Key Laboratory for Laser Manufacturing and Materials Modification,Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai Key Laboratory for Laser Manufacturing and Materials Modification,Shanghai Jiaotong University TiAl合金具有高比强度以及优异的抗氧化、高温抗蠕变性能等优点,在航空航天等领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而,TiAl合金室温塑性差、加工成形困难,且传统制备TiAl合金技术效率低、成本高,严重制约了其工程应用。近年来,增材制造技术因其效率高、成本低等优点,在制备TiAl合金方面优势明显。本文首先介绍了TiAl合金的基本特性,然后分别从传统制备工艺、激光增材制造、电子束增材制造以及电弧增材制造几个方面综述了国内外制备TiAl合金技术的研究现状,总结了增材制造TiAl合金力学性能的研究进展及其改善方法,最后分析了增材制造TiAl合金技术的未来研究目标和发展趋势。 TiAl alloy has a combination of advantages,including low density,high specific strength,excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature creep resistance,which has broad application prospects in aerospace and other fields. However,TiAl alloy,with the poor room temperature ductility,is difficult to fabricate, and the traditional technology preparing TiAl alloy has low efficiency and high cost,therefore,the engineering application of TiAl alloy is significantly limited. In recent years,with its technical advantages such as high efficiency and low cost,the additive manufacturing technology has great advantages in the preparation of TiAl alloy components. In this paper,the basic characteristics of TiAl alloys are introduced,the research status of the technology preparing TiAl alloy is summarized from several aspects,including traditional preparation technology,laser additive manufacturing, electron beam additive manufacturing and the wire-arc additive manufacturing. The research progress and improvement methods of mechanical properties of additive manufacturing TiAl alloy are summarized as well. Finally,the future research issues and development trends of TiAl alloy additive manufacturing are analyzed and estimated. TiAl合金 增材制造 综述 TiAl alloy additive manufacturing review TG146.23 上海市2019年度“科技创新行动计划”高新技术领域项目(19511106400) 2022-03-08 4 50