超高速激光熔覆技术研究现状及其发展方向

超高速激光熔覆技术研究现状及其发展方向 Research status and development direction of extreme high-speed laser material deposition 吴影 WU Ying 1 first-author 刘艳 LIU Yan 1 陈文静 CHEN Wenjing 2 陈辉 CHEN Hui 1 西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院 西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院 The School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University The School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University 西华大学材料科学与工程学院 西华大学材料科学与工程学院 The School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xihua University The School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xihua University 超高速激光熔覆技术是近年新开发的表面涂层技术,通过调整激光、粉材和熔池的相对位置,优化了粉体的熔凝形式和能量吸收比例,从而提高了材料沉积速度,获得高效、无缺陷、高结合强度、低稀释率的熔覆涂层,相比于硬铬电镀、热喷涂、传统激光熔覆和堆焊有其独特优势。详细介绍了超高速激光熔覆的技术特点与典型优势;综述了该技术国内外的工艺、组织、性能和数值仿真等研究现状和工业应用情况;基于目前研发的进展,展望了该技术后续的拓展和发展前景;同时指出了目前涂层构件力学基础研究欠缺造成技术应用推广受阻等不足之处。 Extreme high-speed laser material deposition is a new type coating technology. It optimizes the fusion-solidification mode and power absorption by modifying the relative positions of laser light,spray powder and molten pool,thus the deposition speed rate is improved,and a high quality coating, which is free of defects and has high bonding strength as well as low dilution rate,is obtained. Extreme high-speed laser material deposition possesses unique advantages comparing with the other coating technologies,including hard chrome plating,thermal spraying,conventional laser cladding and welding. This paper details the technical features and advantages of extreme high-speed laser material deposition processing,summarizes the research conditions of this new technology,including processing parameters,microstructures,properties and industrial application. An outlook of future development about extreme high-speed laser material deposition is given. It is pointed out that a lack of fundamental mechanics studies about coated components has hindered the application of this new technology. 超高速激光熔覆 熔覆工艺 绿色制造 涂层 extreme high-speed laser material deposition depositiontechniques greenmanufacturing coatings TG665 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFB1100202）;四川省科技计划项目（2019JDRC0130） 2022-03-08 3 50