摘要:Several problems related to the arc behavior of non-copper coated wire in engineering applications are discussed. The results show that the metal droplet transfer form of the non-copper coated wire is the spray transfer under the conditions of high current,strong welding parameters and mixed argon-rich shielded gas,however,when the current is small and the arc voltage is low,the form may be the globular transfer,even short circuiting transfer(when the voltage is very low). Some substances such as active elements in the non-copper coated wire coating inhibit the adverse effect of CO2 on the arc stability in the arc,which makes the noncopper coated wires have more excellent arc stability than the copper coated wire. The possible adverse effects produced by several key parts in wire feeder and welding gun should not be underestimated. The FFR of the copper coated wires increases by 18.6% and38.8% comparing with that of the non-copper coated wires,but the increase of FFR is not directly proportional to that of copper content in wires.
LI Shudong,ZHU Hang,DAI Zhongchen,ZHAN Xiaohong,ZHAO Wenyong
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 9-12(2018)
摘要:Welding deformation is always a problem that needs to be solved in engineering practice. The traditional thermal elastoplastic theory can not solve the simulation of large-size components. Using intrinsic strain theory to simulate welding deformation in engineering has the characteristics of low cost, fast speed and accuracy. The welding deformation of a certain stainless steel metro vehicle roof is simulated by using the intrinsic strain theory,and the simulation is performed again after adjusting corresponding technology. Finally,the accuracy of the simulation results is verified by comparing with the three-dimensional measured data,so as to provide reference for the welding deformation simulation of large-size component.
LI Zhenghao,QIAO Jisen,WANG Lei,SUN Qingyu,SU Yongquan
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 13-18(2018)
摘要:A new technology using flux pieces constraint arc plug welding to manufacture high strength steel sandwich board is proposed to solve the lack of fusion of T joint between core board and panel in the laser welding of sandwich board. The arc combustion from and the changing process of molten pool are studied by using high speed photography, and the mechanical property of T joint is tested. The results show that the flux pieces can compress and stabilize the arc,enhance the welding thermal efficiency and promote the metal transfer.When using φ1.6 mm welding wire,the groove root gap is 56 mm and appearance of weld is well. When welding current is constant,as the arc voltage increases,the change law of joint successively presents "incomplete penetration", "well appearance", "arc’s another climbing incomplete penetration" and "welding leakage". Constraint arc plug welding range:arc voltage 20 24,V,welding current160300 A,welding speed 5 mm/s.
摘要:A new-type ultrasonic composite friction stir welding(UFSW)technology is introduced,this technology can obtain friction stir welding joints with better mechanical property and more uniform microstructure. The microstructure and mechanical property of the butt joints of the 6061 T6,2219 T6 and 5 A06 H112 aluminum alloys are analyzed under the same parameters,and are compared with those of traditional friction stir welding. The influence of ultrasonic wave on the microstructure and mechanical property of friction stir welding joint and its mechanism are summarized by comparing the law of metal plastic flow and the appearance of weld section.
摘要:Trapezoidal corrugated web girder is a new-type welded structure with excellent mechanical property. Studies show that the geometric parameters of web have a great influence on basic mechanical property, but there are few studies on the influence of fatigue property. The trapezoidal corrugated web girder is modeled by parametric finite element modeling method. The inclined web folds and fatigue points of the weld toe at the south side are used as the fatigue weakness,and the equivalent structural stress range is used as the assessment parameter to evaluate fatigue property. The influence of geometric parameters such as the web thickness t,angle of inclination θ,bend radius r and wave height hr on the fatigue weakness are studied. Results show that the most critical geometric parameter influencing the fatigue property of trapezoidal corrugated web girders is angle of inclination θ,and the recommended range is between 27°and 37°in manufacturing. Other geometric parameters have little influence on the fatigue property of trapezoidal corrugated web girder,but this must be considered combining with practical manufacturing technology and the value of angle of inclination θ.
关键词:parametric;finite element analysis;equivalent structural stress;fatigue behavior
YAN Chunyan,LI Chen,YUAN Yuan,WU Lichao,YIN Changhua
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 30-33(2018)
摘要:Crack test and maximum hardness test of inclined single-V groove with broad root face is performed by using BOHLER E9010 G electrode,and the cold crack susceptibility of X80 pipeline steel is investigated based on microstructure analysis and residual stress analysis. Results show that X80 pipeline steel is sensitive to cold crack without preheating,and preheating can effectively reduce the cold susceptibility of X80 pipeline steel and the magnitude of equivalent residual stress of joints. The cross-sectional crack rate is the lowest with preheating temperature of 150 ℃. However,when preheating temperature is more than 150 ℃,the cold crack susceptibility increases since the microstructure of coarse grained region becomes coarse,and the magnitude of transverse residual stress and equivalent residual stress of joint increase.
关键词:X80 pipeline steel;cold crack susceptibility;numerical simulation;preheating temperature
DU Yang,QIAO Fengbin,GUO Lijie,LI Peng,ZHU Xiaogang
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 34-43(2018)
摘要:Finite element software ANSYS is used to simulate the temperature field of the selective laser melting of Al Si10 Mg powder.Considering the characteristics of the thermophysical property of the material and the laser energy absorption rate varying with temperature, the laser heat source is regarded as a three-dimensional Gaussian heat source for moving loading on the powder bed.During the loading process of the heat source,the conversion of the properties of the material from the powder state to the solid state is realized in real time. The effects of the laser power,scanning speed and scanning interval on the thermal behavior of the powder bed are studied. The results show that the maximum temperature,size and cooling rate of the molten pool increase as the laser power increases. The maximum temperature and size of the molten pool decrease as the scanning speed increases,however,the cooling rate of the molten pool increases as the scanning speed increases. The scanning interval has little effect on the maximum temperature,size and cooling rate of the molten pool,but too large scanning interval is likely to cause hole defects.
摘要:The structure after welding commonly needs special postweld heat treatment in practice,like normalizing + one or one more times temper heat treatment. In this way the strength of weld metal decreases sharply and cannot meet the requirement of structure in service. The selection of welding materials is proposed based on the solid-state phase transformation principle. When the phase transformation temperature of selected weld metal is lower than the heat treatment temperature,During the postweld heat treatment,the austenite nucleates again on the columnar grain boundary in the austenite reverse transformation,so that the weld metal is refined and the strength of weld metal improves. Thus,it is ensured that the strength of weld metal matches base metal after special postweld heat treatment.
摘要:Through effectively integrating the spiral tube forming equipment with friction stir welding equipment,the FSW welding of spiral tube of aluminum alloy has been achieved for the first time. Comparing with traditional fusion welding for longitudinal seam tube,this project can realize the synchronization of spiral tube forming and FSW welding,which can greatly improve the production efficiency.The mechanical property and microstructure compactness of the welds and the dimensional precision,sealing and pressure-bearing capacity of the product obtained by FSW welding for spiral tube are all significantly better than those obtained by fusion welding for longitudinal seam tube. This project can effectively solve the problems of the low production efficiency,high cost and poor quality of large diameter aluminum alloy tube,and realize the domestic production of large diameter aluminum alloy tube with the characteristics of high yield,high quality,low consumption and environmental protection.
关键词:spiral tube;FSW;walk supporting;welding by both sides
YANG Ping,LI Fangxin,ZHAO Kai,FU Hongwen,ZHU Zhongliang,HAO Yunbo,LIANG Xudong
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 53-60(2018)
摘要:In the spaceflight delivery system,some small size thin-walled parts have high requirements for the weld quality. Manual TIG welding is usually used for these parts. The weld quality is unstable and is easily affected by human factors. Welding robot has the characteristics of low fault rate and stable welding quality. An automatic TIG welding robot workstation is designed. This workstation can realize automatic welding and adjustable welding parameters,and has the arc length tracking function and can automatically adjust the height of the welding gun to ensure the stability of the weld. The overall design of the machine and the realization of the automatic welding function are briefly introduced. The realization of the arc length tracking function is described in detail. The workstation performance is verified through welding experiments of straight weld,circumferential weld and square weld.
摘要:This system is based on the TMS320 f28335 chip. The welding voltage and current values are acquired in the whole welding process by the AD function,and are handled by some specific tracking algorithms. After then the PWM signal is output to control and track the motor action. At the same time,this system exchanges data with the PLC and teaching device by the SCI function. Finally,the arc length tracking and effective control are realized in the conditions of the high welding speed or high impulse frequency. The developed tracker can track and control the arc lengths of various welding without adding a specified extension module. The actual welding proves that the effects of the arc length tracking and control are good,and the expected welding target is achieved.
关键词:TMS320F28335;arc length tracking;high welding speed;high impulse frequency
摘要:To satisfy the full-automatic welding quality of small-diameter,large-thick wall and long-distance pipeline,the full-automatic welding system SERIMAX SATURNAX 05 for large-diameter pipeline is improved to suit the full-automatic welding of small-diameter pipeline. The welding gun holder and the welding trolley traveler are designed and the welding parameters for smalldiameter pipelines are optimized. The results show that the improved welding system SERIMAX SATURNAX 05 has stable and reliable adaptability of small-diameter welding. And the welding quality is perfect. There is almost no blowhole,slag inclusion,undercut,incomplete fusion,incomplete penetration and other welding defects. It can perform high-quality and high-efficiency welding works and meet the technical requirements of on-site automatic welding construction.
关键词:small-diameter pipeline;full-automatic welding;appearance of weld;welding defect
LI Yuanbo,WU Decheng,LIU Guoyue,YUAN Tian,CAO Yang
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 73-78(2018)
摘要:In order to study the flash butt welding process of the bimetal band saw blade,the movement process of the cam and movable welding platen of the welding mechanism are analyzed. For the different stages of flash butt welding,the cam is divided into different parts,and the change of cam radius driving the movement process of welding electrodes are analyzed. When the welding electrode moves to the upsetting position,the cam displacement mutation obtains the big acceleration,the velocity variable quantity and weld forming process are analyzed. Then,the electrical parameters of welding are sampled,the welding current and voltage waveform are measured,and their change rules are analyzed. Finally,the relationship between the ablation speed of the band saw blade weld and the feed speed of the fixture is obtained combining with the change of the welding electrode movement:When the speeds of these two are consistent,the continuous flash phenomenon appears and the welding quality is better.
关键词:bimetal band saw blades;flash butt welding;ablation speed;continuous flash
摘要:With the rapid development of robotics and the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend, machine substitution has become the hottest topic in China today. The most popular robot application is in the field of arc welding. For the field of arc welding,it is not enough to provide a robot body and welding equipment,as it cannot meet some unique process requirements for arc welding,that is why it necessary to carry a variety of welding process packages such as weaving welding,arc tracking, multi-layer multi-channel,external shaft linkage welding,etc. to meet the demand of robotic automatic welding market.
关键词:Robot welding;swing;arc tracking;multi-layer and multi-passes;external shaft linkage
摘要:Butt flash welding experiment is carried out to solve the UT failure problem of U71 Mn steel rail. The appearance of welded joint and the characteristics of defects are analyzed. Most defects lie near the fusion line mainly in the forms of holes and cracks,and sulfides are found on a few hole surfaces and crack tips. These hole defects are caused by the overburning produced by improper welding parameter matching. The overturning makes the low-melting-point segregation grain boundary melted and separated. By adjusting welding parameters, the overburning is eliminated and the UT qualification of joints is ensured.
摘要:The advanced high-strength steel used for the manufacture of car body has characteristics of both light weight and safety,so the application and use ratio in the car has increased year by year. Resistance spot welding is particularly suitable for large-scale automated production of automotive bodies,and it is an important process for modern automotive body connections. Compared with ordinary steel plates,hot-formed steel has the characteristics of ultra-high strength and very small deformation coefficient,so as to the weldability of resistance spot welding is very different. In addition,some problems such as heat affected zone softening,weld core embrittlement and welding spatter usually happen during welding. The characteristics of hot formed automotive steel sheets and the characteristics of resistance spot welding process are firstly analyzed,then the resistance spot welding technology of hot formed steel and its application status are discussed.
关键词:body in white(BIW);high strength steel;hot stamping;resistance spot welding;quality control
摘要:According to the welding characteristics of Z2 CND17-12 stainless steel,Z2 CND17-12 stainless steel was welded by automatic pulse TIG welding. The welded joints were tested by the tensile test,impulse test,bending test and microstructure analysis. The results show that all the performances of the welded joint is much higher than the requirements in the standard of the RCC-M volume Ⅳ. Pulse multilayer multipass welding is adopted for welding,and the welding heat input is small,so the microstructure in the upper of weld zone is mainly dendritic δ-ferrite,the microstructure in the center of weld zone is mainly vermicular and dendritic δ-ferrite,and the microstructure in the lower of weld zone is mainly network δ-ferrite. There is no obvious change in the HAZ grain and significant microstructure.
关键词:Z2CND17-12 stainless steel;automatic pulse TIG welding;performance test
摘要:The bogie frame is mainly composed of cross beam and side beam. The joint form between cross beam and side beam studied in this paper is T Joint combined weld. According to the joint form,the way of combining MAG manual welding with MAG automatic welding is put forward,comparing with the previous process the welding efficiency is improved,the welding quality is guaranteed,and the number of rework and grinding is reduced. The reasonable process parameters are determined according to the result of procedure qualification,the combined welding process can obtain the weld that meets the standard and design requirements.
摘要:The 12 mm thick cold-rolled sheets of 5083 aluminum alloy were butt jointed by friction stir welding(FSW)at a rotation rate of 600 r/min. Then compare the effort of microstructure,mechanical properties and fracture pattern with the different welding speeds of 100 mm/min and 300 mm/min. The results show that when welding speed is 100 mm/min,the spacing of onion rings is bigger than the 300 mm/min’s. There is no obvious defect in the welded joint and the mechanical property is close to the parent material,which show the welding quality is high. The fracture position occurs in the HAZ,and the model is ductile fracture of the welds. When welding speed is 300 mm/min,there is the unwelded joint defect at the root of weld joint,which causes a serious decline in the mechanical properties of the joint. The fracture position occurs in the NZ,and the model is a mixture of ductile and brittle fracture of the welds.
摘要:The butt joints with 6 mm edge and 30°groove were welded by arc and laser hybrid heat source,and the microstructure of the weld zone,coarse crystal zone,recrystallization zone and incomplete recrystallization zone of the laser-arc hybrid welding joint were observed,and the characteristics of each zone were analyzed. According to the characteristics of hybrid heat source,the upper part of the joint is called the arc zone,and the lower part is called the laser zone. The stress levels of 130 MPa、330 MPa、340 MPa、350 MPa、360 MPa and370 MPa were used in the test to form the S-N curve and analyze the crack morphology and the cause of crack source at various stages during the crack propagation process by combining the fatigue test data and the microscopic morphology of the fatigue under the electron microscope.
摘要:In order to give full play to the advantages of different materials under different operating conditions,transition layers were deposited by submerged-arc welding(SAW),and butt joining between 28 Cr Mo Ni V and 25Cr2Ni4MoV were performed using narrow gap tungsten-arc welding(NG-TIG)combined with narrow-gap submerged-arc welding(NG-SAW),thereby meeting the requirements of working condition of the steam turbine rotor. Tensile,bending,hardness and impact tests of dissimilar steel welded joints were carried out. The results indicated that the tensile strength of the welded joints is lower than that of the two kinds of parent materials,and the fracture locations are at the transition layers. And the hardness value of the welded joints is between 236 375 HV. Under the temperature conditions of-40 ℃,0 ℃ and 40 ℃,the toughness of BM2,HAZ-1,HAZ-2,SAW weld,BM-1 of welded joints increased in turn.
摘要:Lamellar tearing is a common problem of thick plate welding structure of production,the mainly reason is the poor performance of rolling thick plate thickness direction,and the welding residual stress for vertical plate surface in similar T type welding joint. In combination with EN1993-1-10,starting from the design and selection of welded structures,the factors of material properties,joint forms and welding process measures are considered comprehensively,and choose suitable steel plate with thicknesscharacteristic to solve the problem.
关键词:lamella tear;residual stress;steel plates with through-thickness characteristic
摘要:With the development of oil and natural gas long-distance pipeline towards high steel and large diameter,automatic welding has become the main welding operation method in long-distance pipeline construction.However,the selection,control and optimization of automatic welding process parameters are essential,especially for different steel grades,pipe diameters,welding material manufacturers and automatic welding equipment manufacturers. This paper relies on the Sino-Russian East Line Natural Gas Pipeline Project to carry out a large number of automatic welding process welding tests. The causes of the crater cracks in the automatic welding with solid wire of the long distance pipeline are analyzed. The process parameters were optimized for Prevention of crater crack occurred during welding.Through the parameters of the automatic welding power source TPS3200 Setting and testing,the crater crack for the site has been effectively solved,which provides a quality assurance for site welding.
关键词:long-distance pipeline;automatic welding;crater cracks;welding process
ZENG Zhichao,ZHANG Xiaobai,MAO Xinggui,HUANG Yifeng,YANG Fei,XU Xiaolong,YU Yan
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 128-132(2018)
摘要:Narrow-gap submerged arc flux used for nuclear power SA508 Gr.3 Cl.1 steel welding was introduced on slag system selection,formula designation,and product performance. It was welded with the special alloy wire in wide welding parameters,their welding process performance adaptability and stability of mechanical properties in PWHT were researched. The results showed that,flux CHF112 HRF had excellent welding process performance adaptabilities. When welded variably in wide welding currents,welding speed,interpass temperatures,mechanical properties of deposited metal in PWHT met the technical requirements of the third generation nuclear power completely,and the values had sufficient margins and less fluctuations. The microstructure of deposited metal was granular bainite and ferrite.
摘要:Introduces the composition design of high-speed flux CHF105 GX for pipeline steel,welding metal alloy system analysis,highspeed welding process characteristics,etc. Through component control,alkalinity adjustment and selection of suitable welding speci-fications,and X90,X100 special supporting pipeline welding wire,the welding test of double wire and triple wire is carried out,and the process evaluation test is carried out in the corresponding steel pope factory. The results show that the welding process is good,the weld surface is smooth,and the weld has no bite edge and pressure pit under the conditions of 160 cm/min and 180 cm/min welding speed.After welding,the performance test is carried out. The mechanical properties of the weld metal are good. The impact work at-10℃ is above 100 J,and the average impact work at-20 ℃ is above 90 J. Weld quality,bending,hardness and other indicators meet the same level and API 5 L pipeline steel high strength and toughness standards.
SUN Xiusheng,LIU Hongyan,LI Weihua,DU Yongqin,WANG Shuhua
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 137-140(2018)
摘要:Considering the characteristics of the main container manufacturing for pressure vessels,ration calculation empirical formulas for welding consumable were provided in combination with years of actual production practice. In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy for technician to calculate the consumption,ration calculation software for welding consumable(WCRC) was developed. Ration calculation can be achieved quickly with GUI interface operation. The capsulation of ration calculation software was studied also in this paper to protect the source code and improve universality,and the housed software can operate independently without the installation of MATLAB software. In addition,technicians applied the software to actual production application for the purpose of verifying its’ reliability. The result shows that it can meet the calculation requirements of our company. This can enhance the produce practicality and provide better basis for the integrated calculation of pressure vessels because of the development of ration calculation software.
摘要:The carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix(Cf/Al)composite was successfully prepared by the brazing method through the box type resistance furnace and the vacuum hot pressing furnace. The influence of the composition of the filler metal,the pressure state and the pressure method on the forming of the Cf/Al composite was studied,and the microstructure of the composites was analyzed. The results show that the good Cf/Al composites can be prepared by using the resistance furnace and the vacuum hot pressing furnace with the laminated HL402 filler metal and heated to 600 ℃ for 15 min under pressure. The Cf/Al composite prepared by a vacuum hot pressing furnace has a distance of Cf about 24 μm,and the solder can be fully filled into the gap of Cf,and the contour of the Cf is complete and is more uniform and compact in the binding layer.
YAO Zongxiang,JIANG Deping,ZHANG Liping,CHAI Sensen,YIN Limeng,CHEN Yuhua
Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages: 146-148(2018)
摘要:Practice teaching has important function in improving students’ innovative capacity. This paper introduces the organization and implementation process of the welding competition of Chongqing University of Science and Technology. The problems are pointed out in welding competition.Through the competition,the result shows that students’ innovation consciousness and practice ability has a certain degree of improvement.The competition can also improve the utilization ratio of laboratory equipment and the quality of students,promote the reform of the theory and practice teaching.
关键词:competition;innovation consciousness;practice ability;personnel training