摘要:Vertical welding is a significant welding technique in large-scale components manufacturing. With the enlargement of equipment and the increase of its reliability requirement,the development of high-efficiency and high-quality vertical welding technology is an inevitable trend. In this paper,the vertical welding is affected by gravity,which leads to poor weld formation and poor weld performance. A self-developed test platform for oscillating arc triaxial vertical welding robot system is developed. The thermal model of vertical welding process is simulated according to the pool modeling;through the comparison of welding current waveforms of the cross-section of the vertical plate under specific conditions,the effect of the molten pool on the vertical welding state in the forming process and the correction filtering method are analyzed,eliminating the influence of molten pool forming on welding wave-form and verify its feasibility,which provides a theoretical basis for studying the method of tracking welds in vertical welding.
摘要:Using SiC MOSFET and Si-based Schottky diode as main power devices,a 400 A class pulse MIG inverter welding power supply with ARM(advanced RISC machines) as the main control chip is developed. A SiC MOSFET driver with protection functions is designed according to the characteristics of SiC MOSFET power devices and the inverter welding power supply. The full bridge inverter structure is adopted in the main circuit,and the full bridge rectifier structure is adopted in the rectifier circuit. The results show that the output current waveform of the SiC MOSFET pulse MIG inverter welding power source is stable and controllable,the dynamic response performance is good,and the welding effect is excellent.
关键词:SiC MOSFET;pulse MIG inverter;welding power supply
摘要:Based on the spectral characteristics of GMAW arc,a monocular passive vision image acquisition system for molten pool was designed to capture the images of molten pool by adding a compound filter system and an external trigger system to the industrial camera. The average gray value of the image is used to judge the interference degree of arc light to the weld pool image,and the threshold value of wavelet transform modulus maximum edge detection algorithm is defined by the average gray value to extract the weld pool contour and its characteristic parameters. The molten pool contour features can reflect I-groove center and welding defects such as welding deviation(the deviation between groove center and wire projection center),misalignment,excessive penetration and burn-through. The results show that the algorithm of molten contour extraction is reasonable,and the characteristic of molten pool defect is obvious,which provides technical support for the online monitoring of weld defects based on vision.
关键词:gas metal arc welding;molten pool image;characteristic parameters;defect detection
SUN Yang,WANG Fushan,HU Liguo,ZHANG Yinguang,YANG Xinhua
Vol. 48, Issue 11, Pages: 19-22(2018)
摘要:Aiming at the S355 J2 W+N butt joint with a thickness of 12 mm plate,the influence law of geometrical parameters such as residual height H of weld seam and weld fusion width W of weld seam on stress concentration at weld toe was investigated by using finite element calculation method,and the empirical equation of stress concentration coefficient at weld toe was obtained by regression analysis. The results show that:both weld width and weld residual height have effects on the stress concentration factor H,but the variation of residual height has great effects on the stress concentration at the weld toe. Under the same weld width,the stress concentration coefficient Ktof weld toe increases with the increase of residual height,and the maximum increase is 33.19%. When 1.0 mm<H<2.0 mm,the effect of the increase of weld residual height on Ktincreases gradually,but when 2.0 mm<H<3.0 mm,the effect of the increase of weld residual height on Ktdecreases. Increase the width of weld seam and reduce the residual height of weld seam,which can alleviate the change of section shape at the welding toe and effectively improve the stress concentration at the welding toe.
NI Jiaming,DONG Zhijun,GUAN Yajuan,YANG Changqi,WANG Xinwen,YANG Xueqin
Vol. 48, Issue 11, Pages: 23-26(2018)
摘要:Aiming at the complex structural parts of aerospace aluminum alloy,he research on the integration and application of automatic welding system based on laser sensing robot was carried out. The real-time perception and adaptive ability of robotic automatic welding system for complex structures were improved by integrating intelligent laser sensing. The intelligent laser sensor is used to collect and analyze the geometric information of welding groove,and the automatic tracking of welding seam track in the automatic welding process of the robot is realized through the algorithm compensation calculation,and the complex path tracking of 0.2~10 mm gap and 0.1~3 mm staggered edge is realized,as well as the adaptive tracking adjustment of 1 ~4 mm gradual gap,the weld is uniformly penetrated and formed.
LI Li,CHEN Yakui,WU Junming,CAI Huan,TIAN Hao,WANG Honghong
Vol. 48, Issue 11, Pages: 27-30(2018)
摘要:In order to study welding technology with higher heat input for super thick plates,the double-wire,three-wire and fourwire submerged arc welding experiments were carried out for steel plates of E36 W with thickness of 50 mm and 80 mm. The welded joints were tested by tensile and impact test. The experimental result shows that the mechanical properties of the joint after multi-wire submerged arc welding meet the requirements of marine engineering steels. The relative low impact toughness was exhibited in the weld metal. As the number of wires increases,the content of pre-eutectoid ferrite in the weld increases,and the grain size increases,which resulting in the decreasing of impact toughness. In the same welding process,the content of pre-eutectoid ferrite in 80 mm thick plate welds is more,and the grain size is larger,which resulting in the impact toughness decreasing.
LU Fenghua,DUAN Zebin,JIANG Bin,LIU Yang,YU Yunhai
Vol. 48, Issue 11, Pages: 31-35(2018)
摘要:In this paper,based on the residual stress in the inner and outer sides of different structural diaphragms of B subway,with the help of numerical simulation technology,studying the residual stresses distribution of weld between inner and outer panels under two kinds of clapboard structure. By analyzing the simulation date,drawing a conclusion:the residual stress peak value of the two structures with holes and no holes is equal,and the pore structure is limited in reducing the residual stress. Therefore,the porous structure can be used instead of the pore structure to realize automatic welding and improve the working efficiency and economic benefit.
关键词:B subway;SYSWELD;residual stresses of weld;numerical simulation
摘要:Aiming at the laser welding of overlap joints of 3 mm+2.5 mm weathering steel material,the influence of welding parameters on weld penetration and weld width was studied by surfacing welding test,and the relationship between weld penetration and weld width with shear force was studied. The metallographic structure,hardness and tensile test results of the joint were analyzed. The results show that the optimum process parameters are obtained,and the shear force reaches a stable value when the weld penetration is greater than 1 mm when fixed weld width in the range of 0.7 ~0.9 mm. When the weld penetration is greater than 1 mm,the maximum shear force is 26 kN with a uniformly mechanical properties of the whole joint and a stability laser welding process. The hardness of weld and heat affected zone is higher than that of base metal,and there is a certain tendency of hardening.
关键词:laser welding;overlap joint;weld penetration;weld width;shear force
摘要:The welding technologies of aluminium alloy and steel are becoming hot spot because of the requirement of lightweight and security for cars. Several kinds of spot welding technologies have been used since the metal sheets are commonly thin and lapped for welding in automobile manufacturing area. The weldability of aluminium alloy and steel is analyzed. Then the study state of several common spot welding technologies such as resistance spot welding,friction stir spot welding and ultrasonic spot welding is reviewed.The focus is on the microstructure characters and the mechanical performance of Al/steel dissimilar joints.
摘要:A series of welding experiments of 2205 duplex stainless steel welding using SMAW with different heat input were carried out. Various physical and chemical properties were tested in order to know the welding characteristics of 2205 duplex stainless steel.The test results show that the increase of heat input will lead to the decrease of ferrite content in the weld area,and strength tension of weld joint will decrease and toughness increase;the heat affected area is the weakest area of the welded joint for the pitting resistance.The weld joint of duplex stainless steel can obtain well comprehensive properties if we control the welding parameters reasonably.
关键词:duplex stainless steel;welding;properties of weld joint;heat input
摘要:AP1000 is the third-generation nuclear power technology introduced from Westinghouse in China. The CAP nuclear power is the third-generation nuclear power technology that is based on the digestion and absorption of AP1000 nuclear power technology and has independent intellectual property rights. As ASME code class I component,in order to ensure the smooth development at site and meet the installation quality of the main pipe,a physical simulation of 1:1 ration is conducted before the formal installation,which is to simulate the process of machining,fitting,and welding about single loop main pipe. Through the 3D modeling technology,the construction process is monitored in real-time,the control measures,crafts and results meeting design requirements is verified,so as to accumulate experience for the formal construction of the main pipeline.
关键词:main pipe of nuclear power;full-scale simulation;3D modeling;laser tracking apparatus;fitting
摘要:Underwater oil tree is the key equipment for marine water and oil development. Due to the long-term blockade of the design and manufacturing technology of offshore oil and gas exploration equipment in the United States,the design,manufacture and testing of marine trees depend entirely on foreign countries. The complex structure of the tree causes a large degree of welding restraint and a large increase in welding stress. The welding structure,the process,and the design of the welding groove will affect the welding quality. The hardness of welded joint of underwater oil tree has always been the focus of attention.In this paper,the hardness changes of the used materials sa-516 gr.70,GMAW welding conditions,different line energy and different welding joints of the welding joints are studied. The optimum welding parameters and heat treatment temperature were found by experiment.
摘要:The application and research of laser welding technology for stainless steel car body of railway vehicle are discussed. First,the present situation and development history of laser welding for stainless steel car body are introduced. Then,starting from the welding principle,welding method and welding influence factors of laser welding technology,based on the laser welding technology of leading enterprises in railway vehicle industry,the laser welding is introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of laser welding technology for stainless steel car-body and its testing principle are illustrated from the analysis of the microstructure properties of material after welding by using the relevant technological test data.
摘要:The nuclear island of a new nuclear power plant is designed according to the standard of a foreign country. The material used in equipments,components and structures of the nuclear island shall conform to ASTM,ASME or other codes and standards. During the construction of the subject project,in order to lower the construction cost and shorten the procurement period,some metal materials procured from domestic manufacturer brought material substitution into being,for example,in some cases,some American standard materials were substituted by Chinese standard materials,or other American ones. This paper outlines the material substit-ution issue during the construction of the new nuclear power project. It describes the causes,purposes and requested principles for material substitution,including performance equivalence,code and specification permission,and additional design coordination measures in detail. It also describes the classification,enumeration and analysis of typical cases in regards to material substitution. Besides,based on the method and sharing pointed in this paper,the standardized material substitution process can be formed in nuclear power project construction which can provide reference for material substitution in the acquisition of similar technology or the export of projects.
摘要:Offshore platform,which is also called module,like a kind of huge traditional offshore steel structure,comprises various disciplines such as structure,pipeline,mechanical equipment,etc.,and it is usually composed of multi-layer deck. Structural discipline is the fundamental discipline which is at the front end of the whole platform construction process. It includes the column,plate girder,H-shape and some other kinds of structural parts. The size of structural discipline basically decides the whole platform size.The construction of offshore platform usually includes pre-fabrication and final assembly. In design stage,each layer of deck is divided into several panels to be prefabricated,and then,these panels are assembled into a layer of deck by transportation and hoisting and other production links. Thus,there are a lot of factors existing in the construction can affect the size of the platform. The size control of platform construction is discussed in detail.
摘要:The indirect spot welding test is carried out with 0.1 mm enameled wire and 0.2 mm copper foil. Under the condition of constant welding current and time,the influence law of different welding pressures on welding quality is studied. The welding quality is comprehensively judged by observing the appearance of welded joint,measuring the size and breaking force of welded joint,and the formation mechanism of welded joint is analyzed combining the microstructure. The test results show that with the increase of welding pressure,the breaking force of welded joint increases gradually first,and then decreases gradually after reaching the peak value;the width of welded joint increases linearly,and the degree of the melt of paint film is high,but the length of welded joint does not change significantly.
DAN Chuchen,DING Chenggang,ZHAO Zhilei,GUO Chaochao,CUI Xu
Vol. 48, Issue 11, Pages: 83-88(2018)
摘要:The microstructure and properties of the butt joint of repair welding of 6 mm 6005 A-T6 aluminum alloy plate for railway vehicle are studied by using the rapid thermal start-up technology(RTS). The results show that the microstructure of the original welds are dendritic crystal and equiaxial dendritic crystal,the grains are fine,and the microstructure of the weld is composed of α-Al matrix and Mg2 Si,Al0.7 Fe3 Si0.3 second phase;the original weld is affected by the weld thermal cycle of repair welding,the α-Al matrix grains begin to coarsening,and the microstructure deterioration and grain coarsening of the original weld are more serious after three times of repair welding,and more equilibrium phase precipitates out. At the common boundary of the repair welding weld and original weld,as the times of repair welding increases,the grain coarsening is more obvious and the microstructure of interface tends to deteriorate;Using once RTS(80 ℃) repair welding technology before welding,it can be more obvious to reduce the pores caused by the normal repair welding,and at the common boundary of repair welding weld and original weld,the grain coarsening is not obvious,its microstructure is superior to that of once normal repair welding. There are obvious softening zones in as-welded joint and repair welded joint,the minimum HV0.1 hardness value appears in the heat-affected zone of the original welded joint. The tensile specimens of repair welding joints break at 45°,and the fracture has obvious dimple,which is a typical ductile fracture. The strength coefficient of the original joint and the once repair welding joint by RTS is 0.6,and except the welded joint after three times repair welding,when the bending angle of welded joint is 180°,bending specimens have no cracks,and the plasticity of welded joint is good.
关键词:6005A-T6 aluminum alloy;high speed pulsed MIG welding;RTS technology;microstructure and properties of welded joint
摘要:Plug welding experiment is carried out with ER308 welding wires for1.5 mm ferritic stainless steel 1.4003 and 3 mm weathering resistance steel. The microstructure analysis, microhardness test and pulsating tensile fatigue test of plug welding joints are carried out. The result shows that the microstructure of nugget zone of plug welding joint is δferrite+austenite,the microstructure of heat-affected zone(HAZ) of stainless steel 1.4003 is granular ferrite,grain size is 3~4 class,and the grain growth phenomenon is relatively obvious. The microstructure of HAZ of Q345 NQR2 steel is pearlite + a small amount of ferrite. The hardness of nugget zone is the highest,and the hardness of side HAZ of stainless steel 1.4003 is slightly lower than that of the nugget zone,while the hardness of side HAZ of Q345NQR2 significantly increases. Under the condition of cycle life of 1 ×107,the median fatigue strength of plug welding joint is 1.675 kN,and the fatigue cracks start at the edge of nugget zone between the two plates,the main reason is that this place is affected by both tensile stress and shear stress.
摘要:The finite element software is used to simulate the welding process of the body side wall of EMU at 400 km/h. The results show that when simulating the simultaneous welding by double manipulator arms,the postwelding deformation is the smallest under the condition of uniform distribution of special fixtures. The deformation presents a circular arc arched in reverse, and the both sides are symmetrical taking middle section as the center,and the maximum deformation is 5.13 mm. The actual welding test results coincide with the simulation results,the deformation trends are the same,and the deformation deviation is less than 0.5 mm. According to the deformation results,the predeformation is prefabricated and the postwelding deformation reduces further. The maximum postwelding deformation is 1.5 mm when the predeformation is 6 mm.
摘要:The traditional arc welding technology of oil drill bit causes serious damage to the alloy blade and is easy to be detached.Aiming at these problems,the principle and implementation method of welding YG8 cemented carbide and steel by resistance brazing are introduced. The possible defects in the implementation process are briefly analyzed and the solutions are given in detail. The test shows that this method can completely overcome above shortcomings and meet the requirements of the welding of oil drill bit. It is an advanced and practical production technology.
关键词:cemented carbide;resistance brazing;oil drill bit
摘要:The intergranular corrosion rate index of the Incoloy825 nickel base alloy equipment can not meet the design requirement by using conventional welding technology in domestic nuclear chemical industry. Aiming at this problem,the solutions are proposed to improve and optimize the welding technology and welding material,such as using argon tungsten arc welding to weld the last run,water cooling method for the back of weld and welding material E/S Ni8025 instead of E(R)NiCrMo-3. Finally,the test results meet the qualified index of design requirements. This can provide reference for the welding technology of Incoloy825 nickel-base alloy.
关键词:nickel based alloy;welded joint;intergranular corrosion
摘要:The two-dimensional grain growth process is simulated by phase field method. The grain radius, distribution characteristics of grain edge number,and the correlation between grain radius and edge number are analyzed statistically. The kinetics and track of individual grain growth are studied. The results show that the distributions of relative grain radius and grain edge number have selfsimilarity. There is a positive correlation between the grain edge number and grain radius. The relationship between the growth rate and radius of individual grain agrees well with Hillert equation.
关键词:grain growth;grain radius distribution;grain edge number distribution;phase field method
摘要:With the implementation of the "Made in China 2025" strategy,the field of welding manufacturing has been transformed into an intelligent,information-based manufacturing industry through the promotion of the deep integration of "two industries." The welding practice teaching links with KUKA arc welding robot in a material forming laboratory of fundamental industrial training center of Tsinghua University are discussed,and the application of inquiry learning in practical teaching of arc welding robot is expound,including curriculum design,teaching plan and teaching environment. Through inquiry learning such as experiment,operation,collection,processing information and communication,students can not only master the basic programming operation of KUKA arc welding robot,but also understand the influence of welding parameter on weld forming quality,aiming at strengthening students’ engineering awareness and exploration spirit.
摘要:Aiming at the problems of high consumption of traditional welding training material and energy,polluting the environment and being harmful to health,a set of simulation welding training system is designed based on virtual reality to realize the simulation operation of arc welding. The training system hardware includes welding platform,control host,simulation welding gun,video glasses and so on. The main purpose of the software is to enable trainees to complete the actual welding training courses in "virtual reality".The system provides a variety of different workpiece form selections,so that the trainees can practice different weld forms and welding positions. This system has simple operation and a full range of vision,provides a useful learning method for schools and training institutions and is a supplement to traditional welding teaching activities.