The Al/Cu dissimilar metals were welded using the external heating assisted magnetic pulse welding technique, and a comparative analysis was conducted on the macroscopic morphology, interface structure, and mechanical properties of the welded joints under different external heating temperatures, namely room temperature, 100 ℃, and 200 ℃. The results demonstrate that the external heating assisted electromagnetic pulse welding technique can achieve high-quality welding of Al/Cu dissimilar metals. With increasing external heating temperature, the size of the effective bonding area of the welded joint increases. The wavy interface morphology exhibits different forms depending on the external heating temperature: at room temperature, the interface shows a mixed waveform of sine waves and shear waves; at 100 ℃, an irregular embedded waveform morphology is formed; at 200 ℃, the morphology is similar to that at room temperature, but the thickness of the interface reaction layer is maximum. Al-Cu compounds were detected in the interface reaction zones under all three conditions. The mechanical property test results indicate that as the external heating temperature increases, the mechanical performance of the welded joint gradually improves. When the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the tensile-shear strength of the welded joint reaches 4 076 N. All specimens fractured at the joint interface, exhibiting a mixed fracture morphology of "river-like" and ductile dimples, suggesting a ductile-brittle mixed fracture as the failure mode of the welded joint. Under the influence of the external heating, the increase in the effective bonding area of the welded joint and the changes in the interface waveform structure effectively enhance the mechanical properties of the joint.
关键词
电磁脉冲焊接热场辅助Al/Cu异种金属微观组织力学性能
Keywords
magnetic pulse weldingexternal heating-assistedAl/Cu dissimilar metalsmicrostructuremechanical properties
YIN L M, ZHANG L P, SU Z L, et al. Application of electromagnetic manufacturing technology in aerospace[J]. Electric Welding Machine, 2020,50(9):202-206.
CUI J J, YUAN W, LI G Y. Research on magnetic pulse welding process of dissimilar metal sheets of automobile body[J].Automotive Engineering,2017,39(1):113-120.
WANG B, ZHANG H T, ZHU X M, et al. Heat-assisted ultrasonic additive manufacturing method of aluminum-copper layered composites[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(22): 95-102.
XU H, FENG X S, XU K. Space heat-assisted friction stir welding technology for aluminum alloys[J]. Man-ned Spaceflight, 2016,22(3):308-312.
Deng H B, Chen Y H, Jia Y L, et al.microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar NiTi/Ti6Al4V joints via back-heating assisted friction stir welding[J] Journal of Manufactering Processeses, 2021, 64(10):379-391.
曹亚明. 铝-铜电磁脉冲焊接技术及其连接机制研究[D].上海:上海工程技术学,2019.
CAO Y M. Research on Aluminum-Copper Electromagnetic Pulse Welding Technology and Its Connection Mechanism[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 2019.
WANG C G. Research on 1060Al/T2Cu Magnetic Pulse Plate Welding Process and Microscopic Mechanism[D]. Hunan: Hunan University, 2021.
王浦全. 异种金属电磁脉冲焊接接头性能及界面结合机制[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2021.
WANG P Q. Properties and interfacial bonding mechanism of electromagnetic pulse welding joints of dissimilar metals[D].Chongqing: Southwest University,2021.
Wang P Q, Chen D L, Ran Y, et al. Electromagnetic pulse welding of Al/Cu dissimilar materials: Microstructure and tensile properties[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2020, 792: 139842.
ZHU C C, MENG Y F, LIUQUAN X X, et al. Research on Electromagnetic Pulse Welding Process and Mechanical Properties of Al/Mg Dissimilar Metal Sheets[J]. Journal of Net shape Forming Engineering, 2021, 13(4): 45-51.
Kore S D, Imbert J, Worswick M J, et al. Electromagnetic impact welding of Mg to Al sheets[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2009, 14(6):549-553.