Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on the Microstructure of Low Carbon Steel Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing

SUN Laibo; HUANG Ruisheng; WU Pengbo; XU Fujia; FANG Naiwen

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.02.12

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Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on the Microstructure of Low Carbon Steel Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing
Vol. 53, Issue 2, Pages: 117-124(2023)
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.02.12

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孙徕博，黄瑞生，武鹏博，等.超声冲击对电弧熔丝增材制造低碳钢组织的影响［J］.电焊机，2023，53（2）：117-124.

SUN Laibo, HUANG Ruisheng, WU Pengbo, et al.Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on the Microstructure of Low Carbon Steel Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(2): 117-124.
孙徕博，黄瑞生，武鹏博，等.超声冲击对电弧熔丝增材制造低碳钢组织的影响［J］.电焊机，2023，53（2）：117-124. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.02.12.

SUN Laibo, HUANG Ruisheng, WU Pengbo, et al.Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on the Microstructure of Low Carbon Steel Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2023, 53(2): 117-124. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2023.02.12.

摘要

电弧熔丝增材制造低碳高强钢过程中产生的组织粗大和各向异性等问题一定程度上限制了该技术的应用和发展。在电弧熔丝增材制造过程中引入层间超声冲击处理，以改善制件的组织状态和各向异性，采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜等手段对超声冲击前、后的组织状态进行了对比。结果表明，经过超声冲击处理后，具有明显方向性的典型柱状晶组织转变为均匀、细小的等轴晶组织；电子背散射衍射结果表明，超声冲击强化可改善组织的方向性并大幅细化晶粒。这是因为超声可以打破组织内部对位错运动的限制，促进位错合并和湮灭，进而形成大量亚结构，并在后续沉积层的热效应作用下发生部分再结晶。这种转变会阻碍柱状组织的生长，并将柱状组织分成具有小纵横比的胞状或等轴状组织。

Abstract

The problems of coarse microstructure and anisotropy arising from the process of wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of low-carbon high-strength steel have limited the application and development of this technology to a certain extent. In this paper, the introduction of inter-layer ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) in the WAAM process can effectively improve the microstructure state and anisotropy. The microstructure states of depositions without and with UIT are compared by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showe that the typical columnar treatment with obvious directionality was transformed into a uniform and fine equiaxed microstructure after UIT. The electron backscatter diffraction results showe that UIT strengthening can substantially improve the microstructure directionality and refine the grains. This is because UIT can break the restriction on dislocation movement within the microstructure and promote dislocation merging and annihilation, which leds to the formation of a large number of substructures and partial recrystallization under the thermal effect of subsequently deposited layers. This transformation hinders the growth of columnar microstructure and divides them into cellular or equiaxed microstructure with small aspect ratios.

关键词

电弧熔丝增材制造超声冲击处理低碳高强钢组织特征

Keywords

wire and arc additive manufacturingultrasonic impact treatmentlow carbon higt strength steelmicrostructure characteristic

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