Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti / Al Dissimilar Materials Magnetic Pulse Welding

Shuchun YUAN; Wentao ZHANG; Yuhua CHEN; Qiping JU; Limeng YIN; Xiaohui LIN

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2022.06.15

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Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti / Al Dissimilar Materials Magnetic Pulse Welding
Vol. 52, Issue 6, Pages: 118-125(2022)
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2022.06.15

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袁树春，章文滔，陈玉华，等.焊接工艺参数对Ti/Al异种金属磁脉冲焊接接头微观组织及力学性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2022，52（6）：118-125.

YUAN Shuchun, ZHANG Wentao, CHEN Yuhua, et al.Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti / Al Dissimilar Materials Magnetic Pulse Welding[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2022, 52(6): 118-125.
袁树春，章文滔，陈玉华，等.焊接工艺参数对Ti/Al异种金属磁脉冲焊接接头微观组织及力学性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2022，52（6）：118-125. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2022.06.15.

YUAN Shuchun, ZHANG Wentao, CHEN Yuhua, et al.Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti / Al Dissimilar Materials Magnetic Pulse Welding[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2022, 52(6): 118-125. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2022.06.15.

摘要

钛/铝异种金属复合结构具有比强度高、耐蚀性好等优势，在航空航天、轨道交通领域具有广阔的应用前景；但是，钛和铝两者在物理、化学和冶金学上的特性差异较大，采用传统熔化焊时极易在焊接接头中产生裂纹、气孔以及大量的脆性金属间化合物，严重恶化异种金属焊接接头的力学性能，限制了钛/铝复合结构的广泛应用。磁脉冲焊接技术是一种固相焊接技术，焊接过程中被焊材料不发生熔化，能够有效避免由于熔化带来的各种冶金缺陷。为此，本文采用磁脉冲焊接的方法，对Ti6Al4V/纯Al异种金属进行连接，系统研究了放电能量和初始间隙对接头显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明，放电能量是界面波形成的主要原因，而初始间距影响相同能量下的界面波形。初始间距1.5 mm，放电能量为24 kJ时，剪切载荷最大，为4 820 N。磁脉冲焊接过程中的高速碰撞导致界面较母材发生了明显的晶粒细化。

Abstract

Ti/Al dissimilar metals joint has the advantages of high specific strength and good corrosion resistance, and has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace and rail transportation. However, there is huge difference of physical, chemical and metallurgical properties between the two metals. It is easy to produce cracks, pores and a large number of brittle intermetallic compounds in the welded joints when using traditional fusion welding technology, which seriously deteriorates the mechanical properties of the dissimilar joints and limits the wide application of the Ti/Al joints. Magnetic pulse welding technology is a solid-phase welding technology. During the welding process, the material to be welded does not melt, which can effectively avoid various metallurgical defects caused by melting. In this paper, Ti6Al4V/ pure Al dissimilar metals were joined by magnetic pulse welding. The effects of discharge energy and stand-off distance on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were systematically studied. The results show that the discharge energy is the main reason for the formation of interfacial wave, and the stand-off distance affects the interface waveform under the same energy. The maximum shear load is 4 820 N at the stand-off distance of 1.5 mm and the discharge energy of 24 kJ. The high-speed collision in the MPW process leads to obvious grain refinement of the interface compared with the base metal.

关键词

磁脉冲焊接显微组织力学性能晶粒细化界面

Keywords

magnetic pulse weldingmicrostructuremechanical propertiesgrain refinementinterface

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