40Cr调质钢惯性摩擦焊工艺及接头组织性能研究
Study on Inertia Friction Welding Process and Joint Organisational Properties of 40Cr Tempered Steel
- 2026年56卷第2期 页码:96-102
收稿:2025-06-16,
修回:2025-08-11,
纸质出版:2026-02-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.02.11
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收稿:2025-06-16,
修回:2025-08-11,
纸质出版:2026-02-20
移动端阅览
传统熔化焊焊接40Cr调质钢后,热影响区软化、脆化等问题导致其力学性能下降。为了避免这些问题,采用惯性摩擦焊对40Cr调质钢进行固相焊接。采用金相实验、显微硬度实验及拉伸实验的方法研究初始转速(1 200~1 800 r/min)和焊接压力(25~75 MPa)对焊接接头力学性能和微观组织影响规律。结果表明,初始转速与焊接压力通过调控界面热输入与塑性流变行为,显著影响接头焊合质量与组织。当初始转速为1 800 r/min、焊接压力为75 MPa时,焊合界面连续,焊合区域组织细小均匀,热影响区没有明显的晶粒长大,焊合区硬度最大值达到655 HV,从焊缝中央向两侧硬度逐渐降低至母材硬度260 HV,无热影响区软化现象。经过调质处理的试样拉伸性能接近于随炉试样,抗拉强度达到704 MPa,超声波探伤结果显示接头达到A级标准。本研究证实惯性摩擦焊可有效解决40Cr调质钢焊接的热影响区软化问题。
After conventional fusion welding of 40Cr tempered steel
problems such as softening and embrittlement in the heat affected zone lead to a decrease in its mechanical properties. In order to avoid these problems
the inertia friction welding of 40Cr tempered steel was carried out. Metallographic tests
microhardness tests and tensile tests were used to study the effects of initial rotational speed and welding pressure on the mechanical properties and microstructure of welded joints. The results show that when the initial rotational speed reaches 1 800 r/min and the welding pressure reaches 75 MPa
the weld interface is continuous
the weld area is fine and uniform
there is no obvious grain growth in the heat-affected zone
and the hardness of the weld area reaches 655 HV
and the hardness decreases from the centre of the weld to both sides to the hardness of the base material of 260 HV
and there is no heat affected zone softening. Under hardening and tempering treatment
the tensile properties of the specimens are close to those of the furnace-following specimens
with the tensile strength reaching 704 MPa
and the ultrasonic flaw detection results show that the joints have reached the class A standard. Appropriate increase in initial speed and welding pressure helps to improve the forming quality and mechanical properties of 40Cr inertia friction welded joints.This study confirms that inertia friction welding can effectively solve the HAZ softening problem in the welding of 40Cr tempered steel.
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