汽车座椅激光焊精细化建模仿真研究
Simulation Research of Laser Welding Refined Modeling for Vehicle Seat
- 2025年55卷第5期 页码:129-134
收稿:2024-07-08,
修回:2024-12-03,
纸质出版:2025-05-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.18
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收稿:2024-07-08,
修回:2024-12-03,
纸质出版:2025-05-20
移动端阅览
针对汽车座椅激光焊接接头在碰撞冲击下的拉伸撕裂失效风险,提出了一种精细化有限元建模方法,以提升失效预测精度并指导工艺优化。基于高强度钢(DP980/QSTE420TM)的工程应用需求,对比传统刚性连接(Rigids)与绑定接触(Tied)建模方式的局限性,采用节点合并连接方法,通过映射网格划分与公差控制,实现焊接区域节点的一一映射与融合。并根据最大主应变失效准则,以最大Mises拉伸应变作为评价指标,通过对比材料延伸率建立失效判断标准。同时研究合理接触刚度关键建模参数,建议在3~5的范围区间内。最终选择低风险的激光焊接接头形状方案,并通过高风险的后向冲击试验工况验证激光焊无撕裂失效,有效实现激光焊接失效的风险预判。研究表明,该模型可有效预测激光焊动态失效行为,为汽车座椅轻量化设计与异种材料焊接仿真提供参考。
Addressing the risk of tensile tearing failure of laser-welded joints in car seats under collision impact
a refined finite element modeling method is proposed to enhance the accuracy of failure prediction and guide process optimization. Based on the engineering application needs of high-strength steel (DP980/QSTE420TM)
the limitations of traditional rigid connection (Rigids) and tied contact (Tied) modeling methods are compared. The node merging connection method is adopted
and through mapping mesh division and tolerance control
a one-to-one mapping and fusion of nodes in the welding area is achieved. According to the maximum principal strain failure criterion
the maximum Mises tensile strain is used as an evaluation index. By comparing the material elongation rate
failure judgment standards are established. At the same time
the key modeling parameter of reasonable contact stiffness is studied
suggesting a range between 3~5. Finally
a low-risk laser-welded joint shape scheme is selected. On this basis
the absence of tearing failure in laser welds is verified through high-risk rear impact test conditions
effectively achieving risk prediction of laser welding failure. The research indicates that this model can effectively predict the dynamic failure behavior of laser welding
providing methodological support for the lightweight design of car seats and the simulation of dissimilar material welding.
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