最新刊期
期 11 ， 2020
- 摘要：For the welding of metal structures at certain space position,the position and posture of welding torch relative to the workpiece（welding groove） directly affect the weld forming quality. The optimal relative posture of welding torch is determined by the absolute spatial pose of the plane where the weld seam（joint） is located and the characteristic size parameters of welding groove. The research and application of vision sensing in welding field are analyzed briefly,and the common methods for the detection of the space posture of welding torch are summarized. On the basis,the combined detection system based on the fusion of vision and gravity sensing information is introduced,which can detect the absolute spatial posture of the plane where the weld seam（joint） is located,the relative position and posture of welding torch relative to this plane,and the characteristic size parameters of welding groove. Then,the detection and tracking of complex space weld seam（joint）in the plane whose posture is unknown and the posture control of welding torch are realized. In the end,the research and app-lication prospect of the combined detection system based on the fusion of vision and gravity sensing information in the welding of complex space seam（ joint） within spatial curved workpiece is given.关键词：vision sensing;gravity sensing;spatial posture;welding groove;characteristic size;detection and control
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：With the rapid development of international LNG industry,the demand for low-temperature materials of LNG storage and transportation is increasing. For both the service performance and manufacturing cost,the low-temperature high manganese steel with Mn content of about 20% ～28% has been paid more and more attention. Mn is used instead of Ni,and C,N,Cu are added to some extent. The low-temperature high manganese steel has a broad application prospect because of its low cost and good austenite stability. The common problems of low-temperature high manganese steels welding include hot crack,element burning,and low temperature performance of joint. High requirements on welding consumable development and welding technology optimization are put forward. The research and development of low-temperature high manganese steel and its welding technology will help to increase the international competitiveness of China’s LNG shipbuilding industry.关键词：high manganese steel;austenitizing elements;burning loss;hot crack;cryogenic properties
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Al-Si gradient material with silicon content changing gradiently from 70% to 100% using 1050 aluminium alloy as the matrix was successfully prepared by laser cladding technology. Microstructure and properties of laser cladding layer were investigated. The results show that the most primary silicon with the largest size are distributed in the outer layer of the inner structure. From the surface of the cladding layer to the substrate,the volume fraction and size of the primary silicon decrease gradually,showing a gradient change. The morphology of silicon particles were changed from long-shaped to polyg-onal-shaped. As approaching the substrate,the particles tend to be disc-shaped. The different morphology of silicon particles is caused by the different temperature gradient and solidification speed,which is related to the size of molten pool and residence time. The hardness distribution of Al-Si gradient material is that the hardness of the outermost layer is higher. From the outside to the inside,the hardness decreases gradually,showing a gradient change.关键词：aluminum alloy;laser cladding;aluminum-silicon;gradient material
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：S201 copper alloy filler metal,pure copper filler metal and BNi2 nickel base filler metal were used for vacuum brazing of YG8 carbide and DC53 steel,and the influence of filler metal on interface bonding, microstructure and microhardness of joints was studied. The results show that the YG8/DC53 joint obtained by using pure copper filler metal is prone to crack, the brazing joint obtained by using BNi2 nickel-based filler metal is easy to form a high hardness brittle phase,the base metal and brazing alloy S201 filler metal are used to form a good interface,the Fe-Co base solid solution can be formed near the cemented carbide side,and the brazing joint center is mainly Fe-Cu binary phase.关键词：YG8 cemented carbide;steel DC53;vacuum brazing;microstructure
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Inherent strain method is a commonly used welding numerical simulation method,which has a small amount of calculation and is suitable for large structures with multiple welding seams. The use of Abaqus to realize the intrinsic strain method requires the operator to have a strong software appli-cation ability. The operation of building a simulation model for a large structure with many welding seams is very large,and it involves a lot of repeated operations,which takes a lot of time.This paper designs a plug-in for welding numerical simulation modeling using inherent strain method in Abaqus platform. The plug-in uses the analytical calculation method to obtain the inherent strain values,divides the weld area and applies the inherent strain,completes the model,and establishes the sim-ulation job. The plug-in simplifies the modeling process and lowers the threshold of software using. The reliability of the calculation results meets the requirements of engineering application and can be used in the actual structural design and evaluation.关键词：numerical simulation;inherent strain;integrated plug-in;numerical analysis
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：The characteristics of magnetic field generated after the magnetization of pipeline girth weld defects were numerically simulated with finite element method based on magnetic flux leakage（MFL） principle in this paper. The magnetic flux density distribution curves were obtained in order to describe the features of leak magnetic field using COMSOL software. By changing the geometric parameters of weld reinforcement,pit,stagger and undercut,the magnetic field distribution of different defect types in different sizes is obtained. The results show that the magnetic field distribution of pipeline girth weld is thickened,and the radial and axial component values of magnetic flux density increase obviously with the increase of weld reinforcement. the weld and its central defect show the combined magnetic field distribution characteristics of both.The magnetic field distribution in the center of the weld is thinning,and the peak width of the axial and radial components of the magnetic flux density increases linearly with the increase of the pit diameter. With the increase of misalignment, the peak value of the flux de nsity distribution curve at the defect increases obviously;with the increase of undercut depth,the flux density at the undercut position decreases.关键词：pipe girth weld;radial excitation;weld defect;magnetic flux density;finite element simulation
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：In this study,the brazing of casted K465 nickelbased superalloy with four different brazing methods and related brazing repair applications were introduced. For normal gap brazing,Co45NiCrWB,BNi82CrSiB,BNi57NbCoWCrAlSiMo and BNi73CrSiB-40Ni filler alloys were all suitable for the brazing of K465 superalloy,and the joint brazed with Co45NiCrWB filler alloy exhibited highest joint strength. The joining of K465 superalloy and B-2 wear-resistant alloy could be realized by vacuum arc brazing with B-Ni65CoCrWBMoAlNb filler alloy. Sound joints without cracks and coarse grains were obtained. Furthermore,the joining of K465 superalloy with the large brazing gap of 0.5 mm was studied by adding the mixed powders of FGH95 nickel-base alloy and brazing filler alloy. Additionally,due to its high quality, high efficiency and precise control characteristics,vacuum electron beam brazing technology could be widely applied in the joining of components with complex structures.关键词：K465 nickel-base cast superalloy;brazing;vacuum arc brazing;large gap brazing;vacuum electron beam brazing
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Al-70 Si alloy was prepared by multi-laser cladding on 1050 aluminium alloy with LWS-1000-Nd:YAG laser. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-70 Si cladding layer were investigated. The effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of cladding layer were explored. The results show that Al-70 Si alloy is successfully fabricated by laser processing technology. In the cladding layer,the morphology of silicon particles are cha-racterized by round spherical shape,long strip shape and five-star petal shape respectively. The average hardness of the cladding layer is 250 HV,the tensile strength is 85 MPa,and the wear resistance of the substrate is obviously imp-roved. After heat treatment at 500 ℃ for up to 4 h,because of the reduction of silicon particle size and more rounded silicon particles,the maximum value of cross-section har-dness is improved by 50 HV and the thermal conductivity also increases accordingly.
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Butt welding tests were carried out on S355J2W+N weather-resistant steel by high-frequency pulse welding and ordinary pulse MAG welding respectively. By comparative analysis of the welded joint,the deep penetration root welding procedure,microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The results show that,compared with ordinary pulse MAG welding,when the welding gap is "0",the high-frequency pulse MAG weld has a strong ability of root penetration,root weld width is increased by about 18.5%,in the case of smaller welding heat input（6.06 k J/cm）.Compared with ordinary pulse MAG welding,the microstructure characteristics of high-frequency pulse MAG welded joint are ideal,the more content of acicular ferrite（AF） at weld metal,none ferrite side plate（FSP） at weld metal and fusion zone,and the grain coarseness of the grain coarsened zone（CGZ） is less. The tensile strength of the butt-weled joint is greater than the lower limit of the base material strength,and the fracture position is located at the base material;when the bending angle of the bending sample reaches 180°,there is no crack on the tensile sample surface.Compared with the ordinary pulse MAG welding,the low temperature（-40 ℃） impact toughness of high frequency pulsed MAG welding joint is better,the impact energy of weld zone is about 9.6% higher than that of conventional pulsed MAG welding,and the impact energy of heat affected zone is about 12.3% higher.关键词：S355J2W +N weather-resistant steel;high-frequency pulse MAG welding;butt-welded joint;deep penetration root welding procedure;microstructure and mechanical properties
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：In this paper, based on the material properties of SMA490BW steel,the welding deformation of plate butt joint under two typical restraint conditions was analyzed by thermal elastoplastic finite element method. In order to verify the accuracy of the calculation,3-D scanning was used to scan the post welding deformation. The results show that the results of simulation are in accordance with the principle of deformation for plate butt joint. The results of simulation and three-dimensional scanning are in good agreement,which proves that the thermal elastoplastic finite element method can acc-urately predict the welding deformation.关键词：welding deformation;finite element method;SYSWELD;3D scanning
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：The crack of the welding root for the CRDM socket flange and penetration assemblies has been puzzling the manufacturers of nuclear island equipment. In this paper,the process improvement measures of welding root crack were proposed. In addition,the welding process of it was optimized by welding simulation to solve weld crack problem. Ultimately the improved process was qualified by the welding procedure qualification. Finally,21 CRDM pipe socket penetration seal welds of the product were inspected and qualified at one time.关键词：CRDM socket flange and penetration assemblies;crack;welding simulation;process improvement
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：In view of the poor performance of flash welding and gas pressure welding joint of U20 Mn rail,linear friction welding was used to study the weldability of U20 Mn rail steel,and impact,tensile and metallographic tests were carried out to explore the mechanical properties and micros-tructure characteristics. The results show that the formation of U20 Mn linear friction welding joint is good and there is no defect found in the weld. The width of weld zone for as-welded joint is 4.88 ～5.69 mm,which can be divided into base metal zone（BM）,heat mechanical affected zone（HMAZ） and weld center zone（WZ）. After normalizing heat treatment,the microstructure of the joint is improved and tends to be consistent.The strength is 1 634 MPa（increased by 23.3%）,and the elongation is 10.0%（increased by 81.8%）.关键词：U20Mn steel rail;linear friction welding;microstructure;mechanical properties
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：In modern architecture,the architectural modeling is becoming more and more novel,and the structure is also becoming more and more complex. Therefore,the traditional reinforced concrete structure can not meet the special structural requirements,this can only be achieved by steel structure engineering,and the curved torsion surface molding members are widely used in steel structure engineering. The fabrication and precision control measures of steel structure curved torsion trusses are discussed from the aspects of deepening design of steel structure,weld design,parts nesting and forming, member assembly,member welding and forming precision detection,which provides a reliable reference scheme for the processing and fabrication of similar steel members.关键词：curved torsion;diamond box body;fabrication technology;precision control
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：This paper analyzes the leakage of seawater pipeline system in a nuclear power plant during commission-ing. From the construction to the commissioning process,the multi factor exclusion method is adopted to analyze the corr-osion problem. Through the analysis of material properties,stress distribution and medium environment of materials,it is concluded that cracks and corrosion are stress corrosion,which meet the three elements of stress corrosion:the material is analyzed and found to be sensitive material;the material and structure used in some areas of the system are different,which leads to the effect of structural stress and load stress;it operates in corrosive medium seawater Therefore,the condition of stress corrosion cracking is achieved,and the medium leakage is caused by the occurrence of penetrating cracks. The analysis process of the crack and corrosion can be used for reference.关键词：stainless steel;structural stress;corrosive medium;stress corrosion
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：An overview and cause analysis of the typical defects found in manufacturing and on-site inspection of tube to tube sheet sealing welding of condenser for CPR1000 nuclear power units are provided. And the technical improvement measures concerning cleanliness control,welding parameter optimization,welding parameter adjustment test plate application,weld formation and depth control are proposed,and good results are obtained in practical application,which provides reference experience for the improvement of the sealing welding tech-nology of nuclear power condenser tube sheet.关键词：condenser tube;tube sheet;sealing welding;automatic argon arc welding
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：The length of the manifold made of composite plate in the natural gas pretreatment plant is too long,and it needs to be transported to foreign countries for a long distance. In order to ensure the overall manufacturing quality and reduce the possible problems on site,the production scheme of overall fabrication in the plant,segmented cutting after pressure test,and final segment opening welding on site are adopted. The manifold has small diameter,thick wall and large deformation rate,according to its design material Q345R（R-HIC） + S31603 and structural characteristics,the manufacturing process and welding quality assurance measures of small diameter composite equ-ipment are introduced from the aspects of cylinder rolling,processing and welding. It has certain reference significance to the manufacture of the same type of equipment.关键词：manifold;explosion composite steel plate;Q345R（R-HIC）+S31603;rolling;assembly;welding;flaw detection
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：During pre-service inspection（PSI） of a certain CPR1000 nuclear power plant,a lack of fusion is found in the weld between main coolant line（MCL） and outlet nozzle safe end of steam generator（SG） which complies with the requi-rements of radiographic testing（RT） during erecting,and the defect is repaired. For the problem about the validity of the main primary system hydraulic test with the effect of welding repair of MCL weld, based on comprehensive analysis of the relevant items about hydraulic testing in RCC-M code,RSE-M code,Section Ⅲ and Section Ⅺ of ASME code,a solution for nondestructive testing is proposed,which is an examination comprising two volumetric examinations or an examination comprising a single volumetric examination,that ensures the validity of hydraulic test of the main primary system.关键词：CPR1000;main coolant line;weld;radiographic examination;defect;hydrostatic test
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：The corrosion resistance behaviors of N800CF low carbon bainitic steel and its welded joint were investigated in simulated industrial atmosphere by means of alternate immersion tests. Comparative analysis between SMA490BW and Q345C was conducted. The corrosion behaviors and mechanisms were studied by corrosion weight loss rate and electrochemical polarization curves. The results show that the corrosion resis-tance of N800CF is worse than that of SMA490BW but better than that of Q345C under simulated industrial atmosphere condition. The N800CF welded joint has better corrosion resistance than that of the base material. The welded joints with different heat inputs have similar corrosion resistance in the prior corrosion period. The welded joints with 15 kJ/cm heat input have the best corrosion resistance,and become worse when heat input reaches 18 kJ/cm.关键词：N800CF low carbon bainitic steel;welded joint;alternate immersion corrosion;corrosion weight loss;polarization curve
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Poor penetration was detected by ultrasonic testing on nuclear control rod guide tube assembly welded by electron beam welding. The welding contrast test on different batches of raw materials and other possible factors affecting the weld penetration were researched and analyzed. In order to reduce the effect of holes formed by non-metallic oxides and spiking defect in the raw material on weld penetration,the electron beam remelting process was used to prolong the high temperature residence time of weld deposit metal,and improve electron beam flow to conduct welding repair and process improvement. This method was verified by the process tests and can effectively solve the problem of weld penetration,and was successfully promoted and applied in follow-up projects.关键词：electron beam welding;penetration;remelting proces
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Welding procedure qualification is the core and basic standard in the field of welding standard. At present,there are two welding procedure qualification standards in China,NB/T20002.3 and NB/T 20450.3,which increases the cost of design and manufacturing and the difficulty of supervision,and is not conducive to export. In this article, the differences in the scope of two standards,and the main technical differences about the inspection and acceptance requirement,welding variables and coverage are compared,analyzed and studied. Finally route unification solutions are given. The pioneering work on technical route unification of welding procedure qualification standards has great practical significance for perfecting the standard system of nuclear power in China,improving independence of the standard and facilitating the "go global" of China’s nuclear power.
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：The automatic welding workstation based on KUKA arc welding robot is developed according to the top nozzle welding characteristic of the key components of fuel assembly. The KUKA robot has the functions touch sensing for positioning, which can realize automatic welding of a weld with different welding speed and welding current. The experimental results of top nozzle welding show that the welding workstation can meet small batch automatic welding production requirement.关键词：KUKA arc welding robot;fuel assembly;top nozzle
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Three different compositions of cryogenic austenitic high manganese steel（12～20 wt.% Mn） deposited metal are designed for LNG. The OM, SEM and XRD were used for the microstructure analysis,fracture observation and phase analysis of deposited metal respectively. The results show that the microstructure of Fe-（12 ～13） Mn deposited metal is austenite and α’-martensite,and the microstructure of Fe-20 Mn deposited metal is all austenite. At room temperature,the austenite contents of deposited metals are 78%,85%,96%and 100% respectively. The Fe-（12 ～13） Mn deposited metal undergoes γ →α’-M phase transformation during impact process,and the impact absorption energy at-196 ℃ are 6.7 J and 11.7 J respectively, showing brittle fracture. After the Fe-20 Mn impact test,the deposited metal still retains the full austenite microstructure,the average impact absorption energy at-196 ℃ is 67 J,and the fracture form is ductile fracture.Controlling and avoiding TRIP effect is the key to the design of cryogenic austenitic high manganese steel deposited metal.关键词：LNG;deposited metal;impact toughness;austenite;martensite transformation
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：In order to develop the welding materials for Q960 high strength steel,by adjusting the ratio of different elements in Mn-Mo-Cr high strength steel flux cored wire,the influence mechanism of element on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joint was analyzed,and the optimum element proportion was achieved. The tensile test,impact test and microstructure analysis were conducted based on the orthogonal test. The results show that considering the tensile property and impact property,the optimum ratio of Mn,Mo and Cr in the weld is 1.2 wt.%,1.5 wt.% and 1.2 wt.%.When the Mn and Mo element content increase,the microst-ructure of welded joint transfers from proeutectoid ferrite into acicular ferrite,martensite and bainite. The solution strengthening and phase transformation strengthening make the tensile strength of welded joint improve gradually,but elongation reduces gradually. The weld with the largest acicular ferrite content has the best impact toughness.关键词：high strength steel flux cored wire;ratio of content;orthogonal test;mechanical property;microstructure
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Q345 E low alloy steel was welded by copperplated welding wire and non copper-plated welding wire.Microstructure is observed and a pulsating tensile fatigue test is conducted on its welded joints,and the fatigue fracture is scanned and analyzed. The results show that microstructure of the two kinds of welded joints are similar,and there are more carbon-free bainites in the overheated zone of Q345E low alloy steel welded joint welded by non copper-plated welding wire. The fatigue property of Q345E low alloy steel welded joint welded by non copper-plated welding wire is slightly lower,but the difference between the two kinds of welded joints is not significant and the presence of reinforcement significantly reduces the fatigue limit. The microscopic appearance of the fracture shows that the fracture has no obvious defects, the fracture surface is smooth and the source of crack initiation is clear. The crack grows in the propagation zone,and the morphology of the final fracture zone is dimple with different sizes and depths,which is ductile fracture.关键词：Q345E low alloy steel;copper-plated welding wire;non copper-plated welding wire;microstructure;fatigue properties
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：Through deposited metal tests of SMAW,SAW,MIG welding on 308 L type welding materials of different brands at home and abroad,it is found that the postweld heat treatment will significantly reduce the impact toughness of the deposited metal at-196 ℃,after data analysis,the ferrite content is considered to be the most important factor affecting the low temperature toughness of deposited metal of welding materials. Through welding test of deposited metal for improved308 L electrode,submerged arc welding wire and flux,the ferrite content of welding material is about 3 FN by chemical composition analysis,after heat treatment at 570 ℃ ×1 h,the impact value is greater than 50 J at-196 ℃.关键词：308L;welding material;post weld heat treatment;impact toughness at-196 ℃
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：For the welding process of Q235 steel plate with thickness of 12 mm,the influence of the welding parameters of flux cored wire transverse welding on the weld quality is discussed from the determination of some parameters before welding,welding parameters and weld detection results,etc.Standardized skill training was conducted for welding students who participated in skill competitions at all levels,and the comparison of skill training effect was analyzed. The results show that the welding current,power polarity,welding direction and welding technique are the key factors affecting the weld quality.The right welding method and direct current reverse welding method are preferred for CO2 gas shielded flux cored wire transverse welding. The continuous welding method is used for filling layer and covering layer to ensure the weld quality.关键词：CO2 gas shielded welding;flux cored wire;transverse welding;weld inspection;standardized skill training
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：<正>《电焊机》（月刊）主要刊登国内外焊接各学科领域的反映焊接新设备、新工艺、新材料、新检测方法等研究论文及专题综述,开设栏目包括"重点关注""焊接设备""焊接工艺""焊接材料""焊接教学与培训""焊接管理""绿色焊接"等,以现代焊接装备为核心关注点。《电焊机》被评定为中国科技核心期刊,被中国知网、万方数据、《中文核心期刊（遴选）数据库》、英国《科学文摘》和俄罗斯《文摘杂志》等多种国内外著名文献检索系统收录,欢迎投稿与订阅（邮发代号:62-81）!
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发布时间：2022-03-15 - 摘要：<正>《电焊机》杂志是中国科技论文统计源期刊（中国科技核心期刊）、《中文核心期刊数据库》收录期刊、"英国《科学文摘》（INSPEC）来源期刊""俄罗斯《文摘杂志》收录期刊""美国《剑桥科学文摘》（CSA）收录期刊""波兰《哥白尼索引》（IC）"收录期刊等。各地邮局均可订阅,邮发代号:62-81,订价:15元/月,180元/年。联系电话:028-83267908联系人:黄秀艳E-mail:bj@toweld.com
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