SUN Shixuan,BI Huangsheng,DU Xiance,ZHANG Hao,LI Kaihua
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 1-8(2018)
摘要:Heavy launch is the key to the future realization of manned lunar landing,space station construction and deep space exploration. This paper introduces the design structure of the mainstream rocket connecting ring at home and abroad,and uses the three configurations of the forked ring,Y ring and flanging T ring as the design input of the future heavy rocket connecting ring,the influence of different connecting ring structures on the assembly welding of the heavy launch body is analyzed in detail from the aspects of process flow,tooling design and welding technology. It is pointed out that the limitations and advantages of the connecting ring and the short shell,and provides reference for the design and development of heavy vehicle rocket body structure.
摘要:Orthotropic steel bridge deck is a common structure in large and medium span steel bridges. Its fatigue problem is outstanding and has been a hot topic in the field of bridge construction. The domestic and foreign scholars in this field have achieved a series of research results,and put forward many innovative optimization schemes. In this paper,the cause of fatigue crack is explained in detail,it is considered that the main cause is the large surface deformation caused by the insufficient local stiffness of the panel. The four optimization schemes,such as the upside U rib,the U rib internal welding,the U rib penetration welding and the improvement of the panel stiffness,are discussed respectively,and some suggestions for the study of the fatigue of orthotropic steel bridge panel are put forward.
YI Wenlin,ZHANG Hu,XIANG Jinhua,HU Haiqing,YU Zhiqiang
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 14-17(2018)
摘要:This article expound 150 mm bearing plate welding process of the sea-river-through direct ship channel cable steel tower of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge assembly and welding technology without temporary piece clamp plate from design of beveled edges,selection of welding material,welding procedure qualification and welding process control. The feasibility and rationality of welding technology are verified by welding process evaluation test. Through welding deformation monitoring,overturning welding and nondestructive testing,the welding deformation of super thick plate is effectively controlled and the quality of welding seam is guaranteed.
关键词:ultra-thickness plate;Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge;steel tower;welding process control;assembly and welding technology without temporary piece clamp plate
摘要:Arc equivalent resistance signal of aluminum alloy twin-wire pulse metal insert gas(PMIG) welding was decomposed to several intrinsic mode functions(IMF) by variational mode decomposition(VMD). Each IMF contains the characteristics of the original signal in its own frequency,which can reconstruct the original signal completely and separate the noise effectively. And the singular spectral of the characteristic mode matrix formed by the IMFs was calculated,then,according to the theory of information entropy the singular spectral entropy was obtained. Here the arc equivalent resistance VMD-singular spectral entropy method was proposed to evaluate the stability of aluminum alloy twin-wire PMIG welding,and a series of experiments were carried out with the same current and voltage parameters and other different conditions to test the effectiveness of the method. The results show that the more stable the welding process is the greater the VMD-singular spectral entropy will be,and it can soundly measure the stability of aluminum alloy twin-wire PMIG welding.
摘要:Inconel 625 powder was cladded by semiconductor laser with varying single process parameter,the effect of laser power,scanning speed on the cladding morphology,macroscopic size and dilution rate was studied. The formation process parameter range of the deposited layer with low dilution rate,good metallurgical bonding,no cracks,and no pore defects was obtained. The cladding microstructures and mechanical properties were also analyzed. The results show that the surface hardness of the cladding layer is gradually increased from the bonding surface to the top of the cladding layer,the microstructure of the cladding layer represents flat crystal,coarse dendrites and fine dendrites. The main phase of the cladding layer is γ-Ni. Acid corrosion tests with high temperature naphthenic show that Inconel 625 cladding layer has better corrosion resistance than traditional materials(316L,304,20 # steel).
GU Wei,JIANG Yongfeng,SONG Qining,BAO Yefeng,YANG Ke
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 28-32(2018)
摘要:The corrosion and cavitation erosion resistance of laser cladding Ni60A alloy layer on nickel aluminum bronze are studied.The microstructure,corrosion resistance and cavitation erosion resistance are observed and analyzed by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope, electrochemical workstation and ultrasonic vibratory device. The results show that the laser cladding of Ni60A alloy on Ni-Al bronze consists of cladding zone,heat affected zone and matrix. The microstructure of the cladding layer has a directional solidification crystal growth characteristic. The top microstructure of cladding layer presents a network fine dendritic crystal structure,the middle microstructure presents a cellular dendritic crystal distribution,and the bottom microstructure are perpendicular to the bonding interface and presents a dendritic crystal distribution. The bonding zone is a white band with metallurgical combination. The self-corrosion current density of the cladding layer is lower than that of the matrix,and the self-corrosion potential of the cladding layer is higher than that of the matrix after the electrochemical test in 3.5% NaCl solution medium. In the distilled water and 3.5% NaCl solution medium, cavitation damage occurs at the boundary between α and κ phases firstly. The surfaces of the matrix and the cladding layer are both hardened after the cavitation erosion of these two media for 5 h,and the weight losses of the matrix are respectively about1.45 times and 1.27 times as many as that of the laser cladding samples.
摘要:As a new type of pipe,bimetal composite pipe not only ensures corrosion resistance,but also reduces the cost,which has been widely used in oil and gas mining. The welding of bimetal composite pipe requires that the weld has the corrosion resistance of the clad metal and the mechanical properties of the base metal. Automatic welding can improve the welding efficiency and ensure the quality of welding. Therefore,more and more automatic welding technology is applied in the construction of bimetal composite pipe.The paper introduces the application of bimetal composite pipe,the development of welding technology,and the structure characte-ristics of bimetallic composite pipe and the existing problems in welding,introduces the advanced automatic welding technology. Look forward the prospects of development of automatic welding technology of bimetal composite pipe,and provide a reference for automatic welding of double metal composite tube in our country.
MA Guo,WANG Can,ZHANG Liping,HUANG Song,MENG Qingyu
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 36-41(2018)
摘要:In order to provide helps for industrial applications,this paper studied the microstructures and properties of iron-base powder of different compositions. First,iron-based alloy coatings were prepared by plasma spray equipment,and then cracks on surface of coatings were tested by penetrant testing. Second,chemical compositions were tested by direct reading spectrometer,and then analysis the influences of chemical compositions on microstructures. last,Rockwell hardness and wear quantity of iron-base powder coatings were tested by Rockwell hardness tester and pin-on-disk wear testing machine,and then study the influences of microstructures on hardness and wear. Through above tests,we found that,firstly when the value of Creq/Nieq is 0.26,crack appears on the surface of coating. Secondly microstructures are influenced by the values of Creq and Nieq,so the matrix is mainly austenitic.Thirdly there is no linear relationship between Creq/Nieq of hardness and wear resistance,and the hardness of five iron-base powder is all above 40 HRC. Fourthly, the wear resistance of coatings increases with the increase of hardness, and the wear loss of Fe5 is only 3.65g,but when the hardness of iron-base powder reaches 59 HRC,wear resistance decreases. So,according to the above research,we can believe that the chemical compositions of the claddings determine microstructures,especially c content. When the carbon contents increase,hardening phase is formed in coatings,such as M7C3,so hardness and wear resistance are higher. But,when the hardness reaches a certain value, the appearance of crack causes the hard phases spall, wear resistance decreases.
摘要:In this paper,the microstructure,mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature,and the fracture morphology of dissimilar welded joints between HP-Nb M heat-resistant steel and 15CrMo steel,Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel were analyzed by the optical microscope, electronic universal testing machine,and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the microstructure change occurs in the heat-affected zone of 15CrMo,and the ferrite-pearlite structure transforms into the ferrite-martensite structure. Much α-phase precipitates in the heat-affected zone of Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel. The yield strength of these two welded joints is higher than the base metal,but the percentage elongation after fracture is lower. Under high temperature,higher tensile strength of these two welded joints was obtained with the increase of strain rate.
摘要:Due to the fast development of automobile industry in modern society and increasingly fast change of vehicle models,robots play an irreplaceable role in stabilizing product quality, increasing productivity,reducing production cost and other aspects. In the meantime,it is more important to provide welding jigs with high quality and high flexibility according with the features of automobiles.The quick exchange methods and design points of welding jigs for multiple products in the production line of exhaust system are introduced,including how to choose the quick exchange methods according to different product features,the mechanical structural features of different quick exchange methods,innovative concepts,and a great contribution for the flexible production.
摘要:Double metal saw blade has features of high cutting precision,low material loss and high work efficiency. In the field of metal cutting,its application in the metal cutting field is increasingly widespread and the market demand is also growing. For the welding of the double metal saw blade,a precision welding power source is developed. This welding power source takes the 32 bit microcontroller STM32F103RCT6 as the main control core,its IGBT control signals are generated by STM32 internal pulse modulation module through the drive circuit,and it uses sampling circuit and incremental PI algorithm to realize the accurate control of power output. The topological structure of main power circuit,the working principle and the hardware and software design of this precision welding power source for double metal saw blade are introduced in details. The results show that the welding power source is reasonable and reliable,has fast output dynamic response speed,adjustable frequency and excellent constant-current control effect.
关键词:double metal saw blade;electric resistance welding;constant-current control
TONG Minglei,CHEN Jinyi,YANG Jian,WANG Changjun,HUA Lin
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 57-59(2018)
摘要:During the project construction,plenty of welders work in different area and are managed by different subcontractors,the personnel flow is large,and field welder tracking has always been a weak link in welder management. In this paper,a hand-terminal system is developed,which can easily realize the welder information,certificate information and project ownership information under off-line state,and alarm and intercept the blacklist welder,which can significantly improve the efficiency of the spot welder mana-gement and effectively reduce the quality risk brought by the welder management.
摘要:The marginal field has successfully developed and implemented a new type riser system in the East China Sea,its development strategy and construction experience has a certain reference for the development of follow-up similar marginal fields. The characteristics of this new type riser system are analyzed,and the difficulties in welding and installation are introduced,such as welding operating area,fitting up,and riser lifting and overboarding,and so on. The key technologies,operation problems and solutions of this new type riser system in offshore welding and installation are summarized.
关键词:East China Sea;marginal field;new type riser system;welding;installation
摘要:Currently,metal additive manufacturing equipment is mostly built on the basis of large-scale CNC machine. It is difficult for users to make reasonable change and secondary development according to different practical needs and functions. A set of integrated additive manufacturing equipment is developed based on the basic principles of CNC machining technology. This equipment uses intelligent motion control card to control the motion path and uses plasma arc as heat resource to melt the metal material. The manufacturing procedure includes three-dimensional modeling,model-slicing processing,manufacturing path compiling,welding gun moving control and stepping wire feed. A real-time control of manufacturing process is achieved by a host computer so that the process flexibility improves. Thus,this equipment is able to automatically accomplish the whole procedure from three-dimensional model to formed part. After testing,this equipment has the advantages of high performance,stable manufacturing process,short process cycle and high performance of formed parts.
摘要:By using GTAW(tungsten argon arc welding) welding method,and respectively using pure Ar and φ(Ar)98%+φ(N2)2% as the shielding gas,the microstructure and corrosion resistance of welded joints are investigated. The results show that the welding technology using φ(Ar)98%+φ(N2)2% as the austenite(γ) content shielding gas in the welded joint’s weld zone and heat affected zone is better than the one using pure Ar. The corrosion rate of the weld point with the shielding gas adding φ(N2)2% is 6.4 mdd(mg/dm2·d),which meets the standards of ASTM A923 C;With the shielding gas adding φ(N2)2%,the weld’s pitting potential(Eb) is1179.60 mV, the potential difference(Eb-Ep) is 32.40 mV. And the pitting corrosion resistance of the welds and the repair ability of the passive film are better than those of the welds with shielding gas of pure Ar.
LI Xiangning,JIAO Jianqiang,YANG Dalong,DING Chenggang
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 73-75(2018)
摘要:A bonding-FSSW method is proposed and the performance and microstructure of bonding-FSSW joints of AZ31 aluminum alloy is studied. The results show that in bonding spot welding with sealant,the tensile and shear properties of joints is equivalent to that of FSSW joints,the bonding agent has a little influence on the mechanical property of FSSW nugget;in bonding-FSSW with high-strength bonding agent,the tensile and shear properties of joints are apparently superior to that of FSSW joints or bonding joints. Tiny and uniform equiaxed grains are formed in the WN(welding nugget zone),while coarse and nonuniform grains are formed in TMAZ(thermomechanically affected zone) and HAZ(heat affected zone).
关键词:AZ31 magnesium alloy;Bonding-FSSW;microstructure of joint;shear resistance of joints
摘要:The corrosion resistance of aluminum/steel joints brazed by ZnAl2,AlSi12 and AlSiNi filler metals were analyzed by means of SEM,EDS,electrochemical corrosion test,salt spray corrosion test and mechanical property test. Experiments show that the corrosion resistance from strong to weak are Q235 steel,3003 aluminum alloy,AlSiNi,AlSi12 and ZnAl2;brazing seam metal is more susceptible to corrosion. After 240 hours’ salt spray corrosion test,ZnAl2 joints’ tensile strength decreased by 92%,showed the worst corrosion-resistance;AlSiNi joints’ tensile strength decreased by 27%,showed the best corrosion-resistance,Ni element could effectively improve the corrosion resistance of Al Si filler metal. The corrosion in AlSiNi and AlSi12 brazing joints preferentially occured at the interface of steel and brazing seam,the α-Al phase was firstly corroded. The Zn phase in ZnAl2 brazing joints was firstly corroded.
关键词:aluminum and steel brazing;corrosion resistance;ZnAl filler metal;AlSi(X)filler metal
LI Qiang,CHEN Xiaoyong,LIU Haihan,DU Na,DONG Shuxun
Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 81-84(2018)
摘要:This paper mainly focuses on the research and test of the process of using the gold base filler metal BAu70NiPd1005/1045 for the valve assembly. The simulation test parts are mainly used for the process groping test. After the adjustment of the parameters,the detailed assembly,the improvement of the tooling and so on,a set of welding process scheme for the Co-Cr-W and the superalloy GH4169 is finally developed. The problem of vacuum brazing technology for valve assembly using gold based solder has been successfully solved. At present,this scheme has been applied in actual production and guided production.
关键词:vacuum brazing;gold based brazing alloy;high temperature alloy;valve assembly
摘要:The experimental study on corrosion behavior of X65 steel welded specimens immersing in seawater was performed,aiming to research the influence law of residual stress on welded structure corrosion behavior,some methods were used including welding residual stress testing,corrosion morphology observation and metallographic analysis et al. The results show that local galvanic corrosion is the main influence factor of welded structure surface corrosion behavior after vibration stress relief treatment,pitting corrosion is the main corrosion behavior of welded structure. The residual stress is the main factor that affects the surface corrosion behavior of the structure without vibration,and the corrosion behavior of welding structure is mainly uniform corrosion. The residual stress in the welding structure can aggravate the corrosion degree of the fusion line and increase the loss of metal,which is the important reason for the welding structure to become the stress corrosion cracking and the failure of high frequency zone.
摘要:The welding of 316L stainless steel and Q345B low alloy steel belongs to dissimilar steel welding. The defects of welded joints like cracks,pores,slag are easy to appear if an unreasonable welding method is adopted. A welding valve plate developed by an enterprise is taken as an example,the welding methods and technology should be used in practical welding are put forward,which can effectively avoid the common welding defects.
摘要:Because the welding production process is restricted by conditions of welding equipment,regional distribution and environment,real-time monitoring and management of welding parameters is particularly important,and achieving welding production monitoring requires high reliability,good real-time,convenient wiring and flexible network wired or wireless communication technology as the support. ZigBee technology is one of the wireless data transmission technologies,which is better than the traditional cable communication methods mainly using serial bus,field bus and industrial Ethernet. The application of ZigBee wireless digital transmission technology in welding process parameters collection,welding environment monitoring and application of ZigBee technology and other communication protocol interaction are introduced and analyzed in detail in the welding process analysis of application.Therefore,the application value and importance of ZigBee technology in welding parameter acquisition and analysis are affirmed.
关键词:ZigBee;wireless sensor networks;welding parameter analysis;internet of things
摘要:With the advance of industrial modernization,the development of robot-based industrial automation manufacturing technology has become a trend. The welding system of MOTOMAN-UP6 arc welding robot and 2R rotation-tilt positioner is designed according to additive manufacturing(3D printing) technique. The ideal welding parameters affect the formation of a standard cylinder. Therefore,the influence of welding current and welding speed on the size of bead is studied by using the BP neural network algorithm,and the ideal experimental welding parameters are predicted. Through a large number of experiments,a relatively standard cylinder is obtained.Comparing with rapid forming methods for welding robots without a positioner,this method is easier,and the deformation of the welding layer is smaller,the surface of the bead is smooth.
摘要:When welding on a container, the medium in the container will easily burn under the action of high temperature arc,and cause the container explosion,casualties and equipment damage. Therefore,the reliable welding technology measures must be adopted to avoid the accident when welding on a container. The welding of a throttle on a transformer oil tank is mainly introduced. Because the medium in the transformer oil tank can not be replaced,the welding is completed by a method of combination of replacement and non replacement with pressure. During the welding process,the weld interpass temperature and the temperature of nearby oil tank wall are strictly controlled,and lower the temperature of welds in time to avoid an accident cause by the high temperature of the container wall.
摘要:The influence of environmental humidity on the mechanical properties of GMAW joint was studied in a hyperbaric test chamber which was used to simulate underwater hyperbaric welding. The low carbon steel Q235C was used as base metal,and V-groove butt welding tests with GMAW were carried out under low,medium and high environmental humidities with other process parameters unchanged. Then,tensile,bending and charpy impact tests and analyses were performed to the joints. The results showed that the change of environmental humidity had little effect on bending performance of the joint,but tensile strength of the joint was increased and impact toughness of the joint was reduced with the increase of the environmental humidity.
摘要:In recent years, the Fundamental Industry Training Center of Tsinghua University has opened many core course of cultural quality. Engineering practice is an important component of the course. With the increasing proportion of liberal arts students choosing the number of courses, the engineering practice teaching plan must be reformed in the new situation. In order to further adapt the curriculum construction ideas and to strengthen the cultivation of students’ innovative consciousness and innovation ability, This article explains how it can be applied to engineering training based on the "art welding" practice.
关键词:engineering practice;art welding;ability training
摘要:Welding and thermal cutting operations are widely used in industrial production and play an irreplaceable role. However,as a special operation,the skills training of the personnel in this industry has some problems,such as long period,low efficiency,high cost of training materials and great teacher occupation. At the present stage,the employing unit has increasingly diverse targets of welding training,and their practical demands are also improving constantly. Based on the training practice from the year 2007,it is suggested to adopt the precision CAI,PPT teaching, standardized training and contrastive teaching to further improve the welder skill training.
摘要:2017 National Machinery Industry Vocational Teaching Achievement Award is introduced. The industrial transformation and upgrading has put forward new requirements for the cultivation of high skilled personnel. In this paper,aiming at the existing problems in the training of welding professionals,take Guangxi Technological College of Machinery and Electricity as an example,summarize the main measures,results and innovation points of the reform of the training mode of the welding automation personnel,providing reference for the training of welding automation talents and the development of professional service industries.
关键词:industry transformation and upgrade;welding;high-skilled talents;practical exploration
摘要:<正>伏能士焊接技术国际有限公司Fronius International GmbH成立于1945年,来自奥地利的高端焊接设备制造商和焊接解决方案供应商。伏能士智能设备(上海)有限公司Fronius Intelligent Equipment China Co.,Ltd.是伏能士国际在华唯一全资子公司,负责Fronius伏能士焊接产品在中国的销售及服务。多年来,Fronius伏能士始终如一地以完美的电弧、完善的服务和完整的个性化焊接解决方案服务于中国市场。