In order to improve our country’s rapid manufacturing quality of railway truck bogie frame type,the welding residual stresses of butt and T-corner joints of Q345 E low alloy steel welded in free and pressure state and treated by stress relief are measured by Xray method. The result shows that,no matter the test plate is under a free state or pressure condition,the stress after heat treatment,the elimination of the parallel and vertical direction of weld on the longitudinal residual stress are decreased,the decrease of transverse residual stress is not obvious,but its distribution tends to be homogeneous. According to the overall law,the longitudinal residual stress and transverse residual stress of the weld in the direction of the weld under compaction are significantly reduced,while the ultrasonic impact treatment can significantly reduce the residual stress of all the welds,which has a good effect of stress removal.