X80管线钢CMT焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CMT-Welded X80 Pipeline Steel Joints
- 2026年56卷第8期 页码:60-67
收稿:2026-07-01,
修回:2026-07-13,
纸质出版:2026-08-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.08.06
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收稿:2026-07-01,
修回:2026-07-13,
纸质出版:2026-08-20
移动端阅览
为解决X80管线钢传统焊接中热输入过大导致的组织粗化与性能劣化问题,采用冷金属过渡焊(cold metal transfer,CMT)对X80管线钢进行焊接试验,系统研究了送丝速度和焊接速度对接头显微组织和力学性能的影响规律。焊接区组织以针状铁素体为主,热影响区由含贝氏体-马氏体的粗晶区和以多边形铁素体为主的细晶区构成。送丝速度增大导致焊接热输入升高,焊缝及热影响区组织显著粗化;焊接速度加快使焊接热输入降低,组织逐渐细化,但过快的焊接速度抑制了焊缝中针状铁素体和热影响区贝氏体与马氏体的析出。焊缝区与热影响区因针状铁素体、贝氏体和马氏体等硬相组织的存在,硬度高于母材,热影响区粗晶区硬度达峰值。增大送丝速度或加快焊接速度均使接头硬度分布趋于均匀。各接头抗拉强度介于628~685 MPa之间,拉伸断裂均发生于母材,实现了焊缝与母材的等强匹配。X80管线钢CMT焊接接头的组织演变与性能分布主要受焊接热输入调控,合理匹配送丝速度与焊接速度可获得组织细小、热影响区窄且硬度分布均匀的焊接接头。
To address the microstructure coarsening and performance degradation caused by excessive heat input in conventional welding of X80 pipeline steel
5 mm-thick X80 plates were joined using cold metal transfer (CMT) welding. The effects of wire feed rate and welding speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were systematically investigated. The weld zone was predominantly composed of acicular ferrite
while the heat-affected zone (HAZ) consisted of a coarse-grained region containing bainite and martensite
and a fine-grained region dominated by polygonal ferrite. Increasing the wire feed rate elevated the heat input
resulting in significant microstructure coarsening in both the weld zone and HAZ. Increasing the welding speed reduced the heat input and refined the microstructure; however
excessively high welding speed suppressed the formation of acicular ferrite
bainite
and martensite. The weld zone and HAZ exhibited higher hardness than the base metal due to the presence of acicular ferrite
bainite
and martensite
with the peak hardness occurring in the coarse-grained HAZ. Increasing either the wire feed rate or the welding speed resulted in a more uniform hardness distribution across the joint. The tensile strength of all joints ranged from 628 MPa to 685 MPa
with fractures consistently occurring in the base metal
confirming that strength matching between the weld and base metal was achieved. The microstructure evolution and property distribution of CMT-welded X80 joints are predominantly governed by the welding heat input. Proper matching of wire feed rate and welding speed enables the production of welded joints with refined microstructure
narrow HAZ
and uniform hardness distribution.
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