EH40钢用金红石型药芯焊丝熔化极气体保护焊接工艺及组织性能分析

武鹏博; 马青军; 信国松; 常朝祥; 陈邵鑫; 刘大双; 张天理; 牛董山钰; 邓军林; 方乃文

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.08.05

高强钢优质高效焊接 | 浏览量 : 0 下载量: 10 CSCD: 0

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EH40钢用金红石型药芯焊丝熔化极气体保护焊接工艺及组织性能分析
Analysis of Process, Microstructure and Properties of Gas Metal Arc Welding with Rutile Flux-cored Wire for EH40 Steel
2026年56卷第8期页码：49-59
收稿：2026-07-01，

修回：2026-07-23，

纸质出版：2026-08-20
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.08.05
稿件说明：

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武鹏博，马青军，信国松，等.EH40钢用金红石型药芯焊丝熔化极气体保护焊接工艺及组织性能分析［J］.电焊机，2026，56（8）：49-59. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.08.05.

WU Pengbo, MA Qingjun, XIN Guosong, et al.Analysis of Process, Microstructure and Properties of Gas Metal Arc Welding with Rutile Flux-cored Wire for EH40 Steel[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(8): 49-59. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.08.05.

摘要

针对EH40高强钢在工程应用中存在焊缝韧性和接头强度匹配性差的问题，本文自主设计一款以金红石为主渣系、多元合金复合强化的新型高强钢药芯焊丝，采用熔化极气体保护焊（GMAW）工艺开展EH40高强钢焊接试验。通过对焊接接头拉伸、冲击、硬度等核心力学性能系统测试，研究焊接接头焊缝区、熔合区、热影响区的显微组织演变规律，揭示金红石型药芯焊丝焊接工艺特性与接头强韧化机理。结果表明，优化工艺后获得的焊接接头无气孔、裂纹、未熔合等缺陷，焊缝区主要由针状铁素体和少量先共析铁素体的混合组织组成，呈现网状/块状分布；熔合区主要由针状铁素体和粗大的板条贝氏体等组成，组织极不均匀；正火区主要由铁素体、粗大的板条贝氏体和细小粒状贝氏体等组织组成；不完全正火区主要由细小的等轴铁素体组成。力学性能测试显示靠近熔合线的热影响区为接头硬度较高区域，显微硬度区间为232~244 HV，焊接接头的平均抗拉强度为597 MPa，断后延伸率为27%，断裂位置为母材；在-30 ℃的试验条件下，焊缝区冲击性能平均值为73 J，熔合区冲击性能平均值为65.5 J，热影响区冲击性能平均值为99 J，呈现出熔合区<焊缝区<热影响区的分布趋势。

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of insufficient weld toughness and poor strength matching of EH40 high strength steel in engineering welding

a new flux-cored wire with rutile as the main slag system and multi-alloy composite strengthening was independently designed in this paper. The welding test of EH40 high strength steel was carried out by GMAW process. The microstructure evolution of the weld zone

fusion zone and heat affected zone of the welded joint was systematically studied. The core mechanical properties such as tensile

impact and hardness of the joint were tested

and the deposition characteristics of the rutile flux-cored wire and the strengthening and toughening mechanism of the joint were revealed. The results show that there are no defects such as pores

cracks and incomplete fusion in the welded joint under the optimized process. The weld zone is mainly composed of acicular ferrite and a small amount of proeutectoid ferrite

showing a network / block distribution. The fusion zone is mainly composed of acicular ferrite and coarse lath bainite

and the microstructure is extremely uneven. The normalizing zone is mainly composed of ferrite

coarse lath bainite and fine granular bainite. The incomplete normalizing zone is mainly composed of fine equiaxed ferrite. The mechanical properties test shows that the heat affected zone near the fusion line is the high hardness zone of the whole joint. The microhardness range of the line is 232-244 HV

the average tensile strength of the welded joint is 597 MPa

the elongation after welding is 27%

and the fracture position is the base metal. Under the condition of -30 ℃

the average impact performance of the weld zone is 73 J

the average impact performance of the fusion zone is 65.5 J

and the average impact performance of the heat affected zone is 99 J

showing a trend of fusion zone < weld zone < heat affected zone.

关键词

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