机器人管端焊缝智能打磨工作站研制
Development of the Intelligent Grinding Workstation for the Welds at the Pipe Ends of Robots
- 2026年56卷第6期 页码:129-135
收稿:2025-03-23,
修回:2025-04-28,
纸质出版:2026-06-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.16
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收稿:2025-03-23,
修回:2025-04-28,
纸质出版:2026-06-20
移动端阅览
针对管端焊缝存在的几何复杂性高、多材质适配性差及工艺参数动态优化不足,人工打磨效率低、质量一致性差等问题,以视觉传感器技术为基础,二次开发视觉传感器在打磨中的控制技术,研制了一种融合多源传感与智能决策的机器人智能打磨工作站。工作站集成三维结构光束视觉传感器与激光位移测距传感器,构建多模态感知系统:通过结构光条纹投影实现焊缝形貌的亚毫米级三维重建(点云密度≥2 000点/cm
2
),结合激光测距数据补偿钢管椭圆度误差(补偿精度±0.05 mm),综合检测精度提升至0.1 mm(较单传感器方案提升60%)。解决了复杂曲面自适应跟踪难题;提出二次寻位的程序运算轨迹算法,将轨迹跟踪精度提升至±0.08 mm。研究突破了多源信息融合、工艺知识库构建等关键技术,为管道制造行业智能化升级提供了理论支撑与装备范式。
To address the high geometric complexity
poor multi-material adaptability
and insufficient dynamic optimization of process parameters in end weld seams
as well as the low efficiency and poor quality consistency of manual grinding
a rob
otic intelligent grinding workstation was developed based on visual sensor technology. This workstation integrates a three-dimensional structured light beam vision sensor and a laser displacement distance sensor to create a multimodal perception system. It achieves sub-millimeter-level three-dimensional reconstruction of weld seam morphology using structured light stripe projection (point cloud density ≥ 2 000 points/cm
2
) and compensates for pipe ellipticity errors with laser distance data (compensation accuracy ±0.05 mm)
thereby improving the overall detection accuracy to 0.1 mm (a 60% improvement over single-sensor solutions). It solves the problem of adaptive tracking of complex surfaces; a secondary positioning trajectory algorithm was proposed
which enhances trajectory tracking accuracy to ±0.08 mm. The research has overcome key technologies such as multi-source information fusion and the construction of a process knowledge base
providing theoretical support and equipment paradigms for the intelligent upgrade of the pipeline manufacturing industry. It realizes intelligent recognition
precise tracking
and grinding of weld seams.
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