缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接电弧行为研究

胥国祥; 乔俊鼎; 刘莎; 杨晓杰; 饶银辉; 罗雄; 李桂清; 方臣富

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.05

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缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接电弧行为研究
Research on Arc Behavior of Cable Type 3-wire Pulse Gas Shielded Welding
2026年56卷第1期页码：35-44
收稿：2025-01-15，

修回：2025-12-23，

纸质出版：2026-01-20
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.05
稿件说明：

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胥国祥，乔俊鼎，刘莎，等.缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接电弧行为研究［J］.电焊机，2026，56（1）：35-44. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.05.

XU Guoxiang, QIAO Junding, LIU Sha, et al.Research on Arc Behavior of Cable Type 3-wire Pulse Gas Shielded Welding[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(1): 35-44. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.05.

摘要

开发的缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接工艺，采用3根直径为0.8 mm的分焊丝经过绞合形成直径1.6 mm的缆式焊丝，送丝机连续送进的焊丝不断熔化，致使分焊丝端部阳极区同步旋转，形成自主旋转焊接电弧；采用普通平特性电源，输出电流叠加占空比、幅值、脉宽可调的电流脉冲进行缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接工艺试验，采用高速录像系统、记忆示波器建立的电弧多信息测试分析系统，实时采集缆式3丝脉冲气保焊接电流、电弧电压，分析叠加脉冲电流对电弧行为、熔滴过渡的影响机理，并对缆式3丝气保焊焊缝金相组织进行了测试分析。研究结果表明，相比普通恒压焊，缆式3丝脉冲气保焊电弧轴向尺寸、径向尺寸大幅度减少，电弧压缩比例约52%，焊缝熔深提高约44%，熔宽与余高均有明显增大。压缩后的焊接电弧能量密度增大、热量集中度增加，能够有效克服缆式焊丝气保焊因电弧旋转，焊接电弧热量较为分散导致熔深较浅的不足、实现气保焊高效、大熔深焊接。

Abstract

The developed cable type 3-wire pulse gas shielded welding process uses three 0.8 mm diameter split welding wires to be twisted to form a 1.6 mm diameter cable type welding wire. The welding wire continuously fed by the wire feeder melts

causing the anode area at the end of the split welding wire to rotate synchronously

forming an autonomous rotating welding arc; Using a conventional flat characteristic power supply

the cable type 3-wire pulse gas shielded welding process was tested using an adjustable current pulse with superimposed duty cycle

amplitude

and pulse width. A high-speed video recording system and a memory oscilloscope were used to establish an arc multi information testing and analysis system

which collected real-time cable type 3-wire pulse gas shielded welding current and arc voltage. The influence mechanism of superimposed pulse current on arc behavior and droplet transition was analyzed

and the metallographic structure of the cable type 3-wire gas shielded welding seam was tested and analyzed. The research results show that compared with ordinary constant pressure welding

the axial and radial dimensions of the cable type 3-wire pulse gas shielded welding arc are significantly reduced

the arc compression ratio is about 52%

the weld penetration depth is increased by about 44%

and the fusion width and residual height are significantly increased. The compressed welding arc has an increased energy density and heat concentration

which can effectively overcome the problem of shallow penetration caused by the rotation of the arc in cable type gas shielded welding

and achieve efficient and large penetration welding.

关键词

Keywords

references

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