船用液态CO2存储罐用钢及焊接技术研究进展
Advances in Steel and Welding Technology for Marine Liquid CO2 Storage Tanks
- 2025年55卷第12期 页码:60-71
收稿:2024-12-10,
修回:2025-11-26,
纸质出版:2025-12-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.12.09
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收稿:2024-12-10,
修回:2025-11-26,
纸质出版:2025-12-20
移动端阅览
在全球航运减排压力与CCUS技术快速发展的推动下,液态CO
2
海上运输及其C型储罐成为构建CCUS产业链的关键装备。综述国内外典型液态CO
2
储罐用钢(如16MnDR、15MnNiNbDR、09MnNiDR和P690QL1/QL2等)的性能特点,并指出高强调质钢、节镍钢和高锰奥氏体低温钢等新材料在未来大型储罐中的应用潜力。在焊接方面,总结了高强低温钢在厚板焊接中易出现冷裂纹、HAZ脆化及高残余应力等问题,并提出有效的工艺窗口,包括控制焊接线能量(约10~35 kJ/cm)、保持适当预热与层间温度(130~200 ℃)以及采用消应力热处理(250~300 ℃或580 ℃)。工程实践表明,多层多道焊配合中小热输入和整体消应力处理可获得可靠的焊接接头性能。未来液态CO
2
储罐材料与焊接技术正向高强度、高韧性、轻量化与自动化方向发展,需进一步深化新型低温钢体系及智能化焊接技术研究,以支持海上液态CO
2
储运装备的规模化、安全化应用。
Driven by the global pressure to reduce emissions from shipping and the rapid development of CCUS (Carbon Capture
Utilization
and Storage) technologies
the offshore transport of liquid CO
2
and its C‑type storage tanks have become key equipment for constructing the CCUS value chain. This paper reviews the performance characteristics of typical steels used for liquid CO
2
storage tanks both domestically and internationally
such as 16MnDR
15MnNiNbDR
09MnNiDR
and P690QL1/QL2. It highlights the future application potential of new materials—high‑strength low‑alloy steels
nickel‑reduced steels
and high‑manganese austenitic low‑temperature steels—in large‑scale storage tanks.In terms of welding
the study summarizes the issues associated with thick‑plate welding of high‑strength low‑temperature steels
including susceptibility to cold cracking
HAZ (heat‑affected zone) embrittlement
and high residual stresses. Effective process windows are proposed
encompassing control of welding line energy (approximately 10-35 kJ/cm)
maintenance of appropriate pre‑heat and inter‑pass temperatures (130-200 ℃)
and the application of stress‑relief heat treatments (250-300 ℃ or 580 ℃). Engineering practice demonstrates that multi‑layer
multi‑pass welding combined with moderate heat input and comprehensive stress‑relief treatment can achieve reliable joint performance.Future development of liquid CO
2
storage tank materials and welding technologies is expected to move toward higher strength
higher toughness
lightweighting
and automation. Further research is needed on novel low‑temperature steel systems and intelligent welding technologies to support the large‑scale
safe deployment of offshore liquid CO
2
storage and transport equipment.
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