G20Mn5QT铸钢激光熔覆工艺与组织性能研究
Study on Microstructure and Properties of G20Mn5QT Cast Steel by Laser Cladding
- 2025年55卷第5期 页码:37-47
收稿:2025-02-10,
修回:2025-03-07,
纸质出版:2025-05-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.05
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收稿:2025-02-10,
修回:2025-03-07,
纸质出版:2025-05-20
移动端阅览
G20Mn5QT铸钢具有优良的力学性能,应用于轨道车辆的关键部件。然而,G20Mn5QT铸钢部件在服役过程中由于高频率振动接触可能会出现磨损、锈蚀而导致报废。传统的“以换代修”模式成本较高,亟需发展高效经济的修复技术。本研究采用激光熔覆修复技术,选用316L不锈钢粉末对G20Mn5QT铸钢部件的缺陷进行修复,通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究了激光功率、扫描速度和送粉率等工艺参数对熔覆层形貌、组织结构和力学性能的影响。研究发现,单道激光熔敷试样的熔宽和稀释率随着激光功率的增加而增加,熔高变化不大;而熔宽和熔高随扫描速度的增加而减小,稀释率没有明显的规律;熔高随着送粉率的增加而增大,而熔宽和稀释率随送粉率的提高而减小。熔覆层主要由面状晶、胞状晶、柱状晶和等轴晶组成。在适当的工艺参数下,熔覆层的硬度、耐磨性、拉伸性能、冲击韧性和剪切强度等性能与基体相近或优于基体,也表明316L不锈钢粉末可满足G20Mn5QT钢的修复要求。
G20mn5QT cast steel has excellent mechanical properties and is applied to key components of railway vehicles. However
during service
G20Mn5QT cast steel component may suffer from wear and corrosion due to high-frequency vibration contact
leading to their scrapping. Laser cladding has the advantages of high energy density
low dilution rate
good interface bonding and small deformation. In order to reduce the cost
the laser cladding repair technology was used to repair the defects of G20Mn5QT cast steel parts with 316L stainless steel powder to improve the present situation of replacement repair. It is found that the melting width and dilution rate of the single-pass laser cladding sample increase with the increase of laser power
but the melting height and the melting width decrease with the increase of scanning speed
The dilution rate has no obvious rule
the melting height increases with the increase of powder feeding rate
while the melting width and dilution rate decrease with the increase of powder feeding rate. The cladding layer is mainly composed of planar
cellular
columnar and equiaxed grains. The hardness
wear resistance
tensile strength
impact toughness and shear strength of the cladding layer are close to or better than those of the matrix under appropriate technological parameters. it also shows that 316L stainless steel powder can meet the repair requirements of G20Mn5QT steel.
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