激光清洗高强焊丝表面的工艺参数优化研究
Study on the Optimization of Process Parameters of Laser-cleaning High Strength Welding Wire Surface
- 2025年55卷第2期 页码:58-69
收稿日期:2024-09-13,
修回日期:2025-01-14,
纸质出版日期:2025-02-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.02.06
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收稿日期:2024-09-13,
修回日期:2025-01-14,
纸质出版日期:2025-02-20
移动端阅览
由于传统清洗技术处理高强度焊丝存在工作量大、污染严重等无法避免的问题,采用激光清洗技术对高强度焊丝表面进行清洁处理。研究了激光清洗次数、激光功率和扫描速度对清洗效果清洁率,表面粗糙度以及元素分布的影响。研究结果表明,当激光清洗次数
N
=6时,焊丝表面存在未清洗掉的锈蚀层;
N
=10时,锈蚀层基本清除干净,但热输入量过大,基材在激光作用下产生了氧化烧蚀,使得表面呈现浅褐色;
N
=8时,锈蚀层基本清除,且表面呈现亮白色金属光泽。表面粗糙度受到扫描速度和激光功率的影响,粗糙度的大小与激光功率成正比,与扫描速度成反比,当激光功率
P
=12 W时,扫描速度
v
=1 200 mm/s时,其粗糙度最小,Ra=2.07;当激光功率
P
=20 W,扫描速度
v
=800 mm/s时,其粗糙度最大,Ra=6.64。通过对比激光清洗前后氧元素的含量,可以得到当激光功率
P
=16 W,扫描速度
v
=1 200 mm/s,其氧含量最低为3.9 wt.%,相比于清洗前降低了84.08%。综合除锈率,粗糙度以及元素含量这三个指标,选取激光清洗次数
N
=8,激光功率
P
=16 W,扫描速度
v
=1 200 mm/s;作为最优工艺参数,在该工艺参数下,除锈率为95.8%;表面粗糙度Ra=2.52,氧元素含量3.9 wt.%。
Due to the traditional cleaning technology to deal with high-strength welding wire
there are unavoidable problems such as heavy workload and serious pollution. In this paper
laser-cleaning technology is used to clean the surface of high-strength welding wire. The
effects of cleaning-times
laser power and scanning speed on cleaning rate
surface roughness and element distribution were studied. The results show that when the cleaning-times
N
equals 6
there is an uncleaned rust layer on the surface of the welding wire; when
N
equals 10
the corrosion layer is basically cleared
but the heat input is too large
and the substrate is oxidized and ablated under the action of laser
so that the surface is light brown. When
N
equals 8
the corrosion layer is basically cleared
and the surface is bright white metal luster. The surface roughness is affected by the scanning speed and laser power. The roughness is proportional to the laser power and inversely proportional to the scanning speed. When the laser power
P
equals 12 W and the scanning speed
v
equals 1 200 mm/s
the roughness is the smallest
Ra equals 2.07. When the laser power
P
equals 20 W and the scanning speed
v
equals 800 mm/s
the roughness is the largest
Ra = 6.64. By comparing the content of oxygen before and after laser cleaning
it can be obtained that when the laser power
P
equals 16 W and the scanning speed
v
equals 1 200 mm/s
the lowest oxygen content is 3.9 wt.%
which is 84.08 % lower than that before cleaning. Based on the three indexes of rust removal rate
roughness and element content
the laser cleaning-times N = 8
laser power
P
= 16W
scanning speed
v
= 1 200 mm/s were selected as the optimal process parameters. Under this process parameters
the rust removal rate is 95.8 % ; the surface roughness is Ra = 2.52
the oxygen content is 3.9 wt.%.
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