6061铝合金搅拌摩擦增材堆焊工艺研究

赵海涛; 李辉; 李佳义; 柴禄; 郭德伦

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.01.11

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6061铝合金搅拌摩擦增材堆焊工艺研究
Study on Surfacing Welding Technology of 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Additive Friction Stir Deposition
2024年54卷第1期页码：62-68
收稿：2023-08-23，

修回：2023-10-16，

纸质出版：2024-01-25
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.01.11
稿件说明：

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赵海涛，李辉，李佳义，等.6061铝合金搅拌摩擦增材堆焊工艺研究［J］.电焊机，2024，54（1）：62-68. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.01.11.

ZHAO Haitao, LI Hui, LI Jiayi, et al.Study on Surfacing Welding Technology of 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Additive Friction Stir Deposition[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(1): 62-68. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.01.11.

摘要

采用搅拌摩擦增材制造技术进行A6061铝合金表面堆焊工艺试验。采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察堆焊层的晶粒组织形貌，分析工艺参数对堆焊层形状尺寸和晶粒尺寸的影响，并进行拉伸性能测试。结果表明：在其他工艺参数不变的情况下，金属棒料的旋转速度为338 r/min，送料速率为440 mm/min，刀具底部与金属底板表面的间隙为2.8 mm时，热塑变材料在长度方向的堆焊铺展效率最高；堆焊层的晶粒尺寸随着送料速率逐渐增加，表现为先显著减小而后逐渐趋缓；堆焊层的晶粒尺寸随着金属棒料旋转速度增加而增加；堆焊层各区域中的晶粒尺寸大小排列顺序为：中心＞上方＞下方；堆焊层材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度均略高于锻件材料，两者的延伸率则基本相当，堆焊层拉伸断口为典型延性断裂形貌。

Abstract

Surfacing experiment was carried out for A6061 aluminum alloy by additive friction stir deposition (AFSD). The microstructure and morphology of surfacing layer were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope

and the influence of process parameters on the shape and grain size of surfacing layer was analyzed

and the tensile properties were tested. The results show that under the condition that other process parameters are constant

when the surfacing spreading efficiency of thermoplastic variable material in the length direction is the highest

the rotation speed of the metal bar is 338 r/min

the feeding rate is 440 mm/min

and the gap between the bottom of the tool and the surface of the metal base plate is 2.8 mm. Additionally

grain size of surfacing layer decreases obviously at first and then slows down with the increase of feeding rate. Grain size of surfacing layer increases with the increase of rotating speed of metal bar. The sequence of grain size in each area of surfacing layer is: center > top > bottom. The tensile strength and yield strength of surfacing material are slightly higher than that of forging material

and their elongation is basically the same.

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