Investigation into the Mechanism of Hot Cracking in M951 Superalloy Influenced by Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Parameters

WEN Mingyue; CUI Shurui; WANG Xuefeng; WANG Shiyang; SUN Yuan

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.10

Welding Technology | Views : 0 下载量: 59 CSCD: 0

PDF
Export
Share
Collection
Album

Investigation into the Mechanism of Hot Cracking in M951 Superalloy Influenced by Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Parameters
Vol. 56, Issue 6, Pages: 78-83(2026)
Received：24 September 2025，

Revised：2025-10-13，

Published：20 June 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.10
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

文明月，崔书瑞，王雪峰，等.钨极氩弧焊焊接参数对M951高温合金的焊接热裂纹影响机制研究［J］.电焊机，2026，56（6）：78-83. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.10.

WEN Mingyue, CUI Shurui, WANG Xuefeng, et al.Investigation into the Mechanism of Hot Cracking in M951 Superalloy Influenced by Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Parameters[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(6): 78-83. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.10.

摘要

通过钨极氩弧焊对镍基高温合金M951制成的航空发动机热端部件实施修复，能显著降低维护成本并延长发动机的使用寿命。本文主要研究了弧焊工艺参数及焊接材料对M951高温合金的焊接裂纹敏感性的影响，并分析了不同工艺条件下的裂纹形成位置及其开裂机制。试验结果表明：M951焊丝堆焊的焊接接头裂纹敏感性显著低于GH4169焊丝堆焊的接头。随着焊接电流的升高，接头中的裂纹总长度以及总数量先增加后下降，焊接电流较低时，接头中出现的焊接热裂纹为沿熔化区枝晶间开裂的凝固裂纹；焊接电流升高至45 A以上，接头热影响区的晶界形成了大量液化裂纹；随着焊接电流的增加，M951堆焊接头中的裂纹敏感性先下降后升高，焊接电流为40 A时，裂纹敏感性最低。

Abstract

The application of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding technology for repairing aero-engine hot-section components made of nickel-based superalloy M951 offers significant advantages in reducing maintenance costs and extending service life. This study systematically investigates the influence of arc welding parameters and filler materials on the hot cracking susceptibility of M951 superalloy

with particular focus on the crack initiation locations and underlying mechanisms under various welding conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that weld joints deposited with M951 filler wire exhibit markedly lower cracking susceptibility compared to those fabricated using GH4169 filler wire. The total crack length and number of cracks within the joint initially increase and then decrease with rising welding current. At lower current levels

cracks primarily propagate along the weld centerline

presenting as solidification cracks along interdendritic boundaries in the fusion zone. In contrast

higher welding currents promote the formation of liquation cracks within the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The minimum susceptibility to hot cracking was achieved at a welding current of 40 A.

关键词

Keywords

references

刘阳，徐靖，宁挺，等 . 激光粉末床熔融Inconel718合金工艺优化与组织演变［J］. 中国粉体技术， 2024 ， 30 （ 1 ）： 23 - 35 .

LIU Y ， XU J ， NING T ， et al . Process Optimization and microstructure evolution of Inconel 718 alloy melting by laser powder bed ［J］. China Powder Science and Technology ， 2024 ， 30 （ 01 ）： 23 - 35 .

刘威，王润，华鹏，等 . 不同保温时间对GH4169合金抗氧化性能的影响［J］. 当代化工研究， 2023 （ 22 ）： 35 - 37 .

LIU W ， WANG R ， HUA P ， et al . Effect of different holding time on oxidation resistance of GH4169 alloy ［J］. Modern Chemical Research ， 2023 （ 22 ）： 35 - 37 .

Gong G ， Wang Z ， Du X ， et al . Comparative study on mechanical properties and high temperature oxidation behaviour of Hastelloy X and Inconel 718 fabricated by laser directed energy deposition ［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology ， 2024 ， 28 ： 2624 - 2635 .

段继萱，安腾，王成宇，等 . 固溶温度对一种新型镍基高温合金微观组织和力学性能的影响［J］. 金属热处理， 2023 ， 48 （ 12 ）： 13 - 20 .

DUAN J X ， AN T ， WANG C Y ， et al . Effect of solution temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of a new type of nickel-based superalloy ［J］. Heat Treatment of Metals ， 2023 ， 48 （ 12 ）： 13 - 20 .

XIE Q ， QI H ， LI S ， et al . Experimental and numerical investigation of mixed-mode fatigue crack growth in nickel-based superalloy at high temperature ［J］. Engineering Fracture Mechanics ， 2022 ， 273 ： 108736 .

周鹏杰，于金江，孙晓峰，等 . M951镍基高温合金的高温高周疲劳性能［J］. 机械工程材料， 2013 ， 37 （ 07 ）： 77 - 81+102 .

ZHOU P J ， YU J J ， SUN X F ， et al . High temperature and high cycle fatigue properties of M951 nickel-based superalloy ［J］. Materials for Mechanical Engineering ， 2013 ， 37 （ 07 ）： 77 - 81+102 .

连占卫，于金江，孙晓峰，等 . 热处理对M951合金显微组织及拉伸性能的影响［J］. 稀有金属材料与工程， 2008 （ 05 ）： 798 - 802 .

LIAN Z W ， YU J J ， SUN X F ， et al . Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and tensile properties of M951 alloy ［J］. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering ， 2008 （ 05 ）： 798 - 802 .

许佳玉 . 选区激光熔化Inconel738合金的组织性能调控及成分优化设计研究［D］. 甘肃：兰州理工大学， 2023 .

XU J Y . Regulation of Microstructure and Properties with Composition Optimization Design for Inconel 738 Superalloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting ［D］. Gansu ： Lanzhou University of Technology ， 2023 .

李尧，寇浩南，李梦阳，等 . 激光增材制造沉淀强化镍基高温合金热裂纹研究进展［J］. 表面技术， 2024 ， 53 （ 07 ）： 1 - 14 .

LI Y ， KOU H N ， LI M Y ， et al . Research progress on hot cracking of Laser Additive Manufacturing Precipitation Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloys ［J］. Surface technology ， 2024 ， 53 （ 07 ）： 1 - 14 ..

Adegoke O ， Kumara C ， Thuvander M ， et al . Scanning electron microscopy and atom probe tomography characterization of laser powder bed fusion precipitation strengthening nickel-based superalloy ［J］. Micron ， 2023 ， 171 ： 103472 .

Yu H ， Liang J ， Bi Z ， et al . Computational design of novel Ni superalloys with low crack susceptibility for additive manufacturing ［J］. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A ， 2022 ， 53 （ 6 ）： 1945 - 54 .

黎龙宾 . 堆焊熔敷金属非平衡组织耐磨性能机理研究［D］. 江苏：南京理工大学， 2016 .

LI L B . Study on the wear resistance mechanism of non-equilibrium metal deposition welding ［D］. Jiangsu ： Nanjing University of Science and Technology ， 2016 .

李镇 . TC4及TA1钛合金激光焊接接头组织及性能研究［D］. 山东：齐鲁工业大学， 2023 .

LI Z . Study on microstructure and properties of TC4 and TA1 titanium alloy laser-welded joints ［D］. Shandong ： Qilu University of Technology ， 2023 .

Han L ， Han T ， Wu Q ， et al . Study on microstructural characterization and local stress-strain behavior of transition zone within K-TIG welded SAF2205/Q235 dissimilar joints ［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology ， 2023 ， 24 ： 5119 - 5138 .

Xie W ， Zhou Y ， Nian K ， et al . Effect of process parameters on arc behavior and weld formation in weaving gas tungsten arc welding ［J］. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance ， 2023 ， 32 （ 24 ）： 11393 - 11407 .

Mello D B I P ， Lima M S D ， Bezerra H T S D ， et al . Microstructure characterization of the weld cladding of clad steel plate A516 GR.70-AISI 904L by electroslag strip cladding using Inconel 625 strip ［J］. Welding in the World ， 2023 ， 67 （ 11 ）： 2571 - 2587 .

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Effect of Closed Self-fusion Welding Process Parameters on Weld Forming of Thin Thickness Stainless-steel Tube

Study on TIG Welding Process of Stainless Steel Sintered Mesh Filter Element

Study on Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Metal Joints Between Haynes 230 and Inconel 617 Brazed with Amorphous BNi2 Filler Metal

Research Status of High-Strength Steel Metal-Cored Wires

Influence of Rare Earth Pr on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Deposited Metal of 800 MPa Grade High-Strength Steel