Analysis of Damage Behavior of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Substrate during Pulsed Laser Cleaning

LI Haoran; ZHU Ming; XU Rui; SHI Yu

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.07

Welding Technology | Views : 0 下载量: 57 CSCD: 0

PDF
Export
Share
Collection
Album

Analysis of Damage Behavior of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Substrate during Pulsed Laser Cleaning
Vol. 56, Issue 6, Pages: 58-63(2026)
Received：05 March 2025，

Revised：2025-05-25，

Published：20 June 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.07
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

李浩然，朱明，徐瑞，等.脉冲激光清洗2024铝合金基材的损伤行为分析［J］.电焊机，2026，56（6）：58-63. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.07.

LI Haoran, ZHU Ming, XU Rui, et al.Analysis of Damage Behavior of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Substrate during Pulsed Laser Cleaning[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(6): 58-63. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.06.07.

摘要

飞机蒙皮铝合金激光清洗时，过高的激光注量会对基材造成损伤，明确损伤行为与阈值对工艺参数优化至关重要。针对2024铝合金基材在1 064 nm脉冲激光清洗过程中的损伤行为展开研究，采用激光共聚焦显微镜分析不同激光注量下基材表面粗糙度的变化，利用扫描电子显微镜观察损伤微观特征，计算熔化与喷溅损伤阈值，测试激光作用后基材表面显微硬度，并通过X射线衍射分析物相变化。结果表明：（1）随激光注量增加，基材表面依次出现细小凹坑、局部熔化、全面熔化和喷溅，熔化阈值为19.15 J/cm

，喷溅阈值为24.69 J/cm

；（2）基材表面硬度呈先降后升再降的趋势，15.279 J/cm

时由40.95 HV降至34.83 HV，25.465 J/cm

时升至76.6 HV，超过喷溅阈值后硬度再次下降；（3）50.929 J/cm

注量下基材表面生成CrC、CrO.87和AlN新物相，对硬度升高有附加贡献。

Abstract

During laser cleaning of aircraft skin aluminum alloy

excessive laser fluence can cause substrate damage

and clarifying the damage behavior and thresholds is essential for process parameter optimization. In this study

the damage behavior of 2024 aluminum alloy substrate during 1064 nm pulsed laser cleaning was investigated. The variation of substrate surface roughness under different laser fluences was analyzed by laser confocal microscope

the microscopic characteristics of damage were observed by scanning electron microscope

the melting and spattering damage thresholds were calculated

the microhardness of the substrate surface after laser irradiation was measured

and the phase composition was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that: (1) with the increase of laser fluence

the substrate damage sequentially manifests as fine pits

localized melting

full melting

and spattering

with the melting threshold of 19.15 J/cm² and the spattering threshold of 24.69 J/cm²; (2) the substrate surface hardness exhibits a trend of initial decrease

subsequent increase

and final decrease

decreasing from 40.95 HV to 34.83 HV at 15.279 J/cm²

increasing to 76.6 HV at 25.465 J/cm²

and decreasing again beyond the spattering threshold; (3) new phases of CrC

CrO.87

and AlN are generated on the substrate surface at a fluence of 50.929 J/cm²

contributing additionally to the increase in surface hardness.

关键词

Keywords

references

步明升，郭年华，汪威，等 . 国产飞机蒙皮底漆工艺适应性研究［J］. 合成材料老化与应用， 2024 ， 53 （ 1 ）： 12 - 15 .

BU M S ， GUO N H ， WANG W ， et al . Study on process adaptability of domestic aircraft skin primer ［J］. Aging and application of synthetic materials ， 2024 ， 53 （ 1 ）： 12 - 15 .

刘俊文，张净，李琼，等 . 飞机蒙皮表面的预处理及涂装研究［J］. 中国金属通报， 2022 （ 7 ）： 138 - 140 .

LIU J W ， ZHANG J ， LI Q ， et al . Study on pretreatment and coating of aircraft skin surface ［J］. China Metal Bulletin ， 2022 （ 7 ）： 138 - 140 .

Kim J E ， Song M K ， Han M S ， et al . A study on the application of laser cleaning process in shipbuilding industries using 100 W fiber laser ［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology ， 2021 ， 35 （ 4 ）： 2269 - 2275 .

佟艳群，马健，上官剑锋，等 . 航空航天材料的激光清洗技术研究进展［J］. 航空制造技术， 2022 ， 65 （ 11 ）： 48 - 56 .

TONG Y Q ， MA J ， SHANGGUAN J F ， et al . Research progress of laser cleaning technology for aerospace materials ［J］. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology ， 2022 ， 65 （ 11 ）： 48 - 56 .

段家振，史如新，张伟，等 . 基于图像处理的碳钢表面激光除锈工艺研究［J］. 中国激光， 2024 ， 51 （ 20 ）： 128 - 137 .

DUAN J Z ， SHI R X ， ZHANG W ， et al . Laser Derusting Process for Carbon Steel Surface Based on Image Processing ［J］. Chinese Journal of Lasers ， 2024 ， 51 （ 20 ）： 128 - 137 .

俞鸿斌，王春明，张威，等 . 激光清洗应用发展现状及展望［J］. 电焊机， 2014 ， 44 （ 10 ）： 80 - 84 .

YU H B ， WANG C M ， ZHANG W ， et al . Development status and prospect of laser cleaning application ［J］. Welding machine ， 2014 ， 44 （ 10 ）： 80 - 84 .

陈婧雯，彭章祝，王非森，等 . 激光清洗对铝合金表面形貌及激光-MIG复合焊质量的影响［J］. 电焊机， 2019 ， 49 （ 8 ）： 66 - 71 .

CHEN J W ， PENG Z Z ， WANG F S ， et al . Effect of laser cleaning on surface morphology of aluminum alloy and quality of laser-MIG hybrid welding ［J］. Welding machine ， 2019 ， 49 （ 8 ）： 66 - 71 .

Tian Z ， Lei Z ， Chen X ， et al . Evaluation of laser cleaning for defouling of marine biofilm contamination on aluminum alloys ［J］. Applied Surface Science ， 2020 ， 499 ： 144060 .

李海洋，赵喆，郑超，等 . 激光冲击光整对2024铝合金铣削平面表面质量的影响［J］. 表面技术， 2023 ， 52 （ 9 ）： 388 - 396 .

LI H Y ， ZHAO J ， ZHENG C ， et al . Effect of laser shock finishing on the surface quality of 2024 aluminum alloy milling plane ［J］. Surface Technology ， 2023 ， 52 （ 9 ）： 388 - 396 .

李绍龙，王志兴，高韶华，等 . 铝合金蒙皮激光除漆后新漆层的耐高温性能研究［J］. 激光与红外， 2023 ， 53 （ 4 ）： 537 - 543 .

LI S L ， WANG Z X ， GAO S H ， et al . Study on high temperature resistance of new paint layer after laser paint removal of aluminum alloy skin ［J］. Laser and infrared ， 2023 ， 53 （ 4 ）： 537 - 543 .

Shan T ， Yin F ， Wang S ， et al . Surface integrity control of laser cleaning of an aluminum alloy surface paint layer ［J］. Applied Optics ， 2020 ， 59 （ 30 ）： 9313 - 9319 .

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Removal and Damage of Organic Contaminants on the Surface of Clay Sculpture Relics by Laser

Study on Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Metal Joints Between Haynes 230 and Inconel 617 Brazed with Amorphous BNi2 Filler Metal

Development and Performance Evaluation of a 550 MPa-Grade Low-Hydrogen, High-Toughness Flux-Cored Wire for All-Position Welding

Research Status of Microstructure and Properties of HSLA Steel Welded Joints

Influence of Rare Earth Pr on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Deposited Metal of 800 MPa Grade High-Strength Steel