Effect of Pre-weld Polishing on Properties of High-Speed Friction Stir Welded 6005A-T6 Aluminum Alloy Profile Joints

ZHANG Xinmeng; DENG Gang; TIAN Yu; WANG Shijun; GENG Ming; HUANG Lin; LIU Song; FANG Mingbao; WANG Beibei

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.10

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Effect of Pre-weld Polishing on Properties of High-Speed Friction Stir Welded 6005A-T6 Aluminum Alloy Profile Joints
Vol. 56, Issue 5, Pages: 88-92(2026)
Received：15 April 2026，

Revised：2026-04-27，

Published：20 May 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.10
稿件说明：

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张欣盟，邓钢，田宇，等.焊前打磨对6005A-T6铝合金型材搅拌摩擦焊接头性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2026，56（5）：88-92. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.10.

ZHANG Xinmeng, DENG Gang, TIAN Yu, et al.Effect of Pre-weld Polishing on Properties of High-Speed Friction Stir Welded 6005A-T6 Aluminum Alloy Profile Joints[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(5): 88-92. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.10.

摘要

针对轨道客车常用6005A-T6铝合金型材焊前是否需机械打磨去除表面氧化膜的问题，在搅拌头转速2 000 r/min、行进速度2 000 mm/min的高速搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）条件下，对比研究了焊前未机械打磨与机械打磨两种表面处理方式对搭接FSW接头（对接厚度4 mm）显微组织、硬度、拉伸及疲劳性能的影响。结果表明，高速FSW过程可对焊缝中的氧化膜产生良好的破碎效果；两种处理条件下接头的显微组织、硬度和拉伸强度及疲劳强度无显著差异，硬度均呈“W”形分布，最低于位于热影响区，约68 HV。10

周次下未打磨接头疲劳强度约为105 MPa，打磨接头约为110 MPa，差异不大。NaOH腐蚀后，未打磨试样焊核区“S”线较打磨试样更明显，但两种条件下拉伸与疲劳断裂均未沿“S”线发生，表明高速FSW条件下焊前打磨并非必要工序。

Abstract

To address the question of whether pre-weld mechanical polishing is necessary to remove the surface oxide film on 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy profiles for rail vehicles

the effects of unpolished and polished pre-weld treatments on the microstructure

microhardness

tensile properties and fatigue properties of friction stir welded (FSW) joints were comparatively investigated under high-speed welding conditions with a rotational speed of 2 000 rpm and a travel speed of 2 000 mm/min. The results indicate that the high-speed FSW process can effectively break up the oxide film in the weld. The microstructure

microhardness distribution and tensile strength of the joints under both conditions show no significant differences

with the microhardness exhibiting a "W"-shaped profile and the minimum value located in the heat-affected zone (approximately 68 HV). The fatigue strength at 10⁷ cycles is approximately 105 MPa for the unpolished joints and 110 MPa for the polished joints

showing minimal difference. After NaOH etching

the "S-line" in the nugget zone of the unpolished specimens is more distinct than that of the polished specimens; however

neither tensile nor fatigue fracture propagates along the "S-line" under both conditions

indicating that pre-weld polishing is not a necessary procedure under high-speed FSW conditions.

关键词

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references

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