Study on the Effects of X-Groove Geometric Parameters on Post-Welding Deformation and Residual Stress of 800MPa Grade Marine High-Strength Steel in MIG Welding

SHAO Xingmeng; KONG Hongyu; GONG Xuhui; WANG Xinghua; WANG Qingyun; WANG Jingjie

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.02

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Study on the Effects of X-Groove Geometric Parameters on Post-Welding Deformation and Residual Stress of 800MPa Grade Marine High-Strength Steel in MIG Welding
Vol. 56, Issue 5, Pages: 15-24(2026)
Received：20 January 2026，

Revised：2026-03-30，

Published：20 May 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.02
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

邵星萌，孔红雨，宫旭辉，等.X形坡口几何参数对800 MPa级船用高强钢MIG焊后变形和残余应力的影响研究［J］.电焊机，2026，56（5）：15-24. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.02.

SHAO Xingmeng, KONG Hongyu, GONG Xuhui, et al.Study on the Effects of X-Groove Geometric Parameters on Post-Welding Deformation and Residual Stress of 800MPa Grade Marine High-Strength Steel in MIG Welding[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(5): 15-24. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.05.02.

摘要

为明确X形坡口几何参数对800 MPa级船用高强钢对接接头焊接变形和残余应力的影响规律，以坡口角度（50°、60°、70°）、根部间隙（0 mm、3 mm、6 mm）、钝边尺寸（0 mm、2 mm、4 mm）为影响因素，采用正交试验结合数值模拟的方法开展研究。通过搭建角变形检测平台，得到对接试板先、后焊面角变形量的响应规律，揭示了最终角变形量的形成机制；通过生死单元法模拟清根过程，结合X射线衍射法，得到试板残余应力的分布情况与评价指标。结果表明：先、后焊面阶段的角变形增量对坡口几何参数的响应有明显区别，二者增量之和决定着试板最终角变形的响应规律；根部间隙对最终角变形的影响最为显著，其随着根部间隙的增大先增大后减小；纵向残余应力受钝边尺寸影响最大，随着钝边尺寸的增加显著增大；横向残余应力对坡口几何参数的响应与角变形响应规律基本一致。该研究为800 MPa级船用高强钢X形坡口焊接工艺优化和工程应用提供了理论支撑与技术指导。

Abstract

The influence laws of X-groove geometric parameters on the welding deformation and residual stress of 800MPa grade marine high-strength steel butt joints were clarified. Groove angle (50°

60°

70°)

root gap (0 mm

3 mm

6 mm) and root face size (0 mm

2 mm

4 mm) were selected as the influencing factors

and a study was carried out via the method of orthogonal experiment combined with numerical simulation. A test platform for measuring the angular deformation of butt plates was established. The response laws of angular deformation values of the first and second welding surfaces of butt plates were obtained

and the formation mechanism of the final angular deformation values was revealed. The back chipping process was simulated by the element birth and death method. Combined with the X-ray diffraction method

the distribution characteristics and evaluation indicators of residual stress of the plates were obtained. The results showed that obvious differences existed in the responses of angular deformation increments of the first and second welding surfaces to groove geometric parameters

and the sum of the two increments determined the response law of the final angular deformation. The root gap exerted the most significant influence on the final angular deformation

which first increased and then decreased with the increase of root gap. The longitudinal residual stress was most affected by the root face size

increasing significantly with the increase of root face size. The response of transverse residual stress to groove geometric parameters was basically consistent with that of angular deformation. The research results provided theoretical support and technical guidance for the welding process optimization and engineering application of X-groove in 800MPa grade marine high-strength steel.

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