The Effect of Different Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of FSW Joints of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy

LI Zhiqiang; FEI Shangcai

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.15

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The Effect of Different Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of FSW Joints of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy
Vol. 56, Issue 1, Pages: 108-115(2026)
Received：17 January 2025，

Revised：2025-05-01，

Published：20 January 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.15
稿件说明：

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李志强，飞尚才.不同焊接参数对7075-2A12异种铝合金FSW接头组织性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2026，56（1）：108-115. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.15.

LI Zhiqiang, FEI Shangcai.The Effect of Different Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of FSW Joints of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(1): 108-115. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.15.

摘要

固定AS侧材料为7075，以搅拌头转速和焊接速度为变量，对6 mm厚7075和2A12异种铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊接试验，研究不同焊接参数下焊缝形貌、显微组织、力学性能等的变化规律。结果表明，在试验工艺参数内，7075-2A12异种接头焊缝均可成型，存在或多或少缺欠。7075-2A12异种接头WNZ组织晶粒细小，与AS-TMAZ有明显分界，与RS-TMAZ无明显分界，TMAZ组织发生较大程度的弯曲变形，随着搅拌头转速增大，接头各区域组织晶粒大小均呈增大趋势，随着焊接速度增大，接头各区域组织晶粒大小均呈减小趋势；7075-2A12异种铝合金焊接接头显微硬度分布呈不规则“W”形，AS侧硬度高于RS侧，WNZ硬度高于RS侧母材，随着搅拌头转速增大，焊接热输入增大，接头显硬度、强度与塑性均呈减小趋势，随着焊接速度增大，焊接热输入减小，接头显硬度、强度与塑性均呈增大趋势。7075-2A12异种铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接时，焊接热输入不宜过大，应合理匹配搅拌头转速和焊接速度，焊接速度50~60 mm/min匹配搅拌头转速600~800 r/min时最佳。

Abstract

A friction stir welding experiment was conducted on 6mm thick 7075 and 2A12 dissimilar aluminum alloy plates with fixed AS side material of 7075

using stirring head speed and welding speed as variables

to study the changes in weld morphology

microstructure

mechanical properties

etc. under different welding parameters. The results indicate that within the experimental process parameters

the 7075-2A12 dissimilar joint welds can all be formed with varying degrees of defects. The WNZ microstructure of 7075-2A12 dissimilar joint has fine grains and a clear boundary with AS-TMAZ

but no clear boundary with RS-TMAZ. The TMAZ microstructure undergoes significant bending deformation. As the stirring head speed increases

the grain size of the microstructure in each area of the joint shows an increasing trend. As the welding speed increases

the grain size of the microstructure in each area of the joint shows a decreasing trend; The microhardness distribution of 7075-2A12 dissimilar aluminum alloy welded joints shows an irregular "W" shape

with the AS side having higher hardness than the RS side and the WNZ side having higher hardness than the RS side base metal. As the stirring head speed increases

the welding heat input increases

and the apparent hardness

strength

and plasticity of the joint decrease. As the welding speed increases

the welding heat input decreases

and the apparent hardness

strength

and plasticity of the joint increase. When friction stir welding 7075-2A12 dissimilar aluminum alloy

the welding heat input should not be too large

and the stirring head speed and welding speed should be reasonably matched. The best welding speed is 50-60 mm/min matched with the stirring head speed of 600-800 r/min.

关键词

Keywords

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