Key Technologies for Welding Thick Steel Plates in Steel Structures

FAN Pengtao; TONG Linlang; JIA Baohua

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.11

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Key Technologies for Welding Thick Steel Plates in Steel Structures
Vol. 56, Issue 1, Pages: 81-87(2026)
Received：31 October 2025，

Revised：2025-12-24，

Published：20 January 2026
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.11
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

范鹏涛，童林浪，贾宝华.钢结构厚板焊接关键技术［J］.电焊机，2026，56（1）：81-87. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.11.

FAN Pengtao, TONG Linlang, JIA Baohua.Key Technologies for Welding Thick Steel Plates in Steel Structures[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(1): 81-87. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.11.

摘要

钢结构厚板焊接是大型工程建设的核心技术，直接决定结构安全与可靠性。我国自20世纪80年代起逐步突破厚板焊接技术瓶颈，国家体育场“鸟巢”相关焊接技术荣获国际权威奖项，标志着我国该领域技术已跻身国际领先水平。然而，当前行业内部分从业人员理论认知欠缺、技术应用不规范等问题，导致工程质量隐患与经济损失频发。基于焊接基础理论与工程实践，分析了钢结构厚板焊接机理，探讨了钢板和焊缝产生偏析的成因及其影响。重点讨论控制冷却速度（

8/5

（

8/3

）、

100

）对焊接接头性能的重要性，详细阐述多层多道错位焊接技术在减少偏析、控制线能量和提升焊接接头综合性能方面的优势，提出“打底焊（SMAW）-填充焊（GMAW）-盖面焊（FCAW-G）”组合焊接工艺方案。研究成果为精准控制焊接缺陷、提升厚板焊接接头综合性能提供了理论依据与技术指导，对规范行业技术应用、降低工程损失具有重要实践价值。

Abstract

The welding of thick steel plates is a core technology in large-scale engineering construction. Since the 1980s

China has gradually overcome the bottlenecks in thick plate welding technology. The welding technology related to the National Stadium "Bird's Nest" was awarded international authoritative awards

marking that China's technology in this field has reached an internationally leading level. However

problems such as a lack of theoretical understanding and irregular application of technology among some practitioners in the industry have led to frequent occurrences of engineering quality hazards and economic losses. Based on fundamental welding theories and engineering practice

this paper analyzes the mechanism of thick steel plate welding

discussing the causes and effects of segregation in both the base metal and weld seam. Furthermore

it introduces commonly used technical indicators

with a particular focus on the importance of controlling cooling rates (t8/5 (t8/3)

t100) for the performance of welded joints. It elaborates on the advantages of multi-layer

multi-pass staggered welding technology in reducing segregation

controlling line energy

and improving the comprehensive performance of welded joints. A combined welding process scheme of "backing weld (SMAW) - filler weld (GMAW) - cover pass (FCAW-G)" is proposed. The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for precisely controlling welding defects and enhancing the overall performance of thick plate welded joints

holding significant practical value for standardizing industry technological applications and reducing project losses.

关键词

Keywords

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