Research on Key Technologies for Welding Deformation Control and Joint Reinforcement of Thin-Walled Containers

LIU Yang; SHENG Yanlong; XIA Yuguang; ZHANG Yu; LI Yu; HAN Weitao

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.10.13

“Huaguang”Cup Excellent Thesis Recommendation | Views : 0 下载量: 662 CSCD: 0

PDF
Export
Share
Collection
Album

Research on Key Technologies for Welding Deformation Control and Joint Reinforcement of Thin-Walled Containers
Vol. 55, Issue 10, Pages: 114-121(2025)
Received：28 August 2025，

Published：20 October 2025
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.10.13
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

刘阳，盛雁龙，夏玉光，等.薄壁容器焊接变形控制与接头强化关键技术研究［J］.电焊机，2025，55（10）：114-121. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.10.13.

LIU Yang, SHENG Yanlong, XIA Yuguang, et al.Research on Key Technologies for Welding Deformation Control and Joint Reinforcement of Thin-Walled Containers[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2025, 55(10): 114-121. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.10.13.

摘要

针对铁路车辆用5.5 mm厚Q345E薄壁容器罐板对接焊缝的特殊工艺要求，对比分析了传统焊接方法与深熔氩弧焊（KTIG）、脉冲混合气体保护焊（脉冲MAG）、等离子焊（PAW）及等离子+氩弧焊（PAW+TIG）四种高效自动焊接技术的工艺特性。通过正交试验优化不同工况下的工艺参数组合，实现了单面焊双面成形的高质量焊接。结果表明，优化后的KTIG能实现450 mm/min的高速焊接，热输入较传统TIG降低40%，但焊接电流超480 A易引发熔池失稳；脉冲MAG在涂有底漆的工况下，热输入调整至8.5 kJ/cm后，塑韧性显著提高，气孔缺陷明显减少，可用于底漆薄板焊接；PAW受底漆挥发影响，易出现气孔与强度不合格；PAW+TIG综合性能最优，焊接效率最高，达500 mm/min，抗拉强度为490~525 MPa，低温韧性提高3倍以上，综合焊接效率提升1.5倍，但带底漆时韧性裕度不足。根据实际工况选择最优焊接方法及参数，可以为薄壁容器的规模化生产提供可靠的技术保障。

Abstract

In response to the special process requirements of butt welding of 5.5 mm thick Q345E thin-walled container tank plate for railway vehicles

a comparative analysis of the process characteristics of traditional welding methods and four high-efficiency automatic welding technologies

including deep melting argon arc welding (KTIG)

pulsed mixed gas shielded welding (pulsed MAG)

plasma welding (PAW)

and plasma + argon arc welding (PAW+TIG)

was conducted. Through orthogonal experimental optimization of process parameter combinations under different working conditions

high-quality welding with single-sided welding and double-sided forming was achieved. The results show that the optimized KTIG can achieve high-speed welding of 450 mm/min

reducing the heat input by 40% compared to traditional TIG

but the welding current exceeding 480 A is prone to causing pool instability. Under the condition of coated primer

after adjusting the heat input to 8.5 kJ/cm

the plasticity and toughness of pulsed MAG are significantly improved

and the porosity defects are significantly reduced

making it suitable for welding thin plates with primer. PAW is easily affected by primer volatilization

leading to porosity and insufficient strength. PAW+TIG has the best comprehensive performance

with the highest welding efficiency of 500 mm/min

tensile strength of 490~525 MPa

more than three times improvement in low-temperature toughness

and a 1.5 times increase in comprehensive welding efficiency. However

when primed

the toughness margin is insufficient. According to actual working conditions

the optimal welding method and parameters can be selected to provide reliable technical support for the large-scale production of thin-walled containers.

关键词

Keywords

references

李军，薄柯，黄强华，等 . 高压氢气储运移动式压力容器发展趋势与挑战［J］. 太阳能学报， 2022 ， 43 （ 03 ）： 20 - 26 .

LI J ， BO K ， HUANG Q H ， et al . Development trends and challenges of mobile pressure vessels for high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation ［J］. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ， 2022 ， 43 （ 03 ）： 20 - 22 .

孙直，任明法，陈浩然 . 含金属内衬的复合材料缠绕薄壁容器自紧设计的工程方法［J］. 复合材料学报， 2011 ， 28 （ 02 ）： 217 - 221 .

SUN Z ， REN M F ， CHEN H R . Engineering method for autofrettage design of composite wound thin-walled vessels with metal liners ［J］. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica ， 2011 ， 28 （ 02 ）： 217 - 221 .

刘静，隋国欣，王明山，等 . 机车车体Q345E钢Ar+CO 2 +O 2 三元混合保护气体MAG焊接头的组织和性能［J］. 电焊机， 2017 ， 47 （ 05 ）： 104 - 108 .

LIU J ， SUI G X ， WANG M S ， et al . Microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints of MAG welding with Ar+CO 2 +O 2 ternary mixed shielding gas ofsteel Q345E for locomotive and rolling stock body ［J］. Electric Welding Machine ， 2017 ， 47 （ 05 ）： 104 - 108 .

董文宁，陈国余 . 高效等离子焊接技术及其应用［J］. 电焊机， 2007 ， 37 （ 09 ）： 8 - 16 ．

DONG W N ， CHEN G Y . High-efficiency plasma arc welding technology and its application ［J］. Electric Welding Machine ， 2007 ， 37 （ 09 ）： 8 - 16 .

唐纯鑫 . 等离子自动焊在压力容器上的应用［J］. 中国设备工程， 2020 （ 07 ）： 207 - 208 ．

TANG C X . Application of plasma automatic welding in pressure vessels ［J］. China Plant Engineering ， 2020 （ 07 ）： 207 - 208 .

Johnson K E . Advanced TIG welding for thin-section steels ［J］. Welding Journal ， 2018 ， 97 （ 5 ）： 165 - 176 .

吴宪 . Q345E薄板小变形MAG焊焊接工艺［D］. 辽宁：大连交通大学， 2021 .

WU X . Low-deformation MAG welding process for Q345E thin plate ［D］. Dalian Jiaotong University ， 2021 .

吴宪，丁成钢 . Q345E钢薄板小变形焊接工艺［J］. 电焊机， 2021 ， 51 （ 09 ）： 50 - 54 .

WU X ， DING C G . Small-deformation welding process for Q345E steel thin plates ［J］. Electric Welding Machine ， 2021 ， 51 （ 09 ）： 50 - 54 .

李泽宇，安哲，王文超，等 . Q345E薄板高频脉冲MAG对接焊工艺及数值模拟［J］. 焊接技术， 2024 ， 53 （ 02 ）： 78 - 82 .

LI Z Y ， AN Z ， WANG W C ， et al . High-frequency pulse MAG butt welding process and numerical simulation of Q345E thin plate ［J］. Welding Technology ， 2024 ， 53 （ 02 ）： 78 - 82 .

黄江中，张良锋，李黎霞，等 . 碳钢K-TIG深熔氩弧焊工艺探究［J］. 焊接技术， 2025 ， 54 （ 03 ）： 58 - 61 .

HUANG J Z ， ZHANG L F ， LI L X ， et al . Investigation on deep-penetration argon arc welding （K-TIG） process for carbon steel ［J］. Welding Technology ， 2025 ， 54 （ 03 ）： 58 - 61 .

鲍文，杨蕾，刘红兵，等 . 等离子弧焊的数值模拟研究现状［J］. 机械科学与技术， 2025 ， 44 （ 05 ）： 913 - 919 .

BAO W ， YANG L ， LIU H B ， et al . Research status of numerical simulation of plasma arc welding ［J］. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering ， 2025 ， 44 （ 05 ）： 913 - 919 .

李建平，周正亮，崇凤娇，等 . 等离子弧焊与自动氩弧焊组合焊接工艺分析［J］. 现代制造技术与装备， 2021 ， 57 （ 07 ）： 147 - 148+157 .

LI J P ， ZHOU Z L ， CHONG F J ， et al . Analysis on combined welding process of plasma arc welding and automatic argon arc welding ［J］. Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment ， 2021 ， 57 （ 07 ）： 147 - 148+157 .

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Research on Efficient Simulation and Correction Method for Welding Deformation of High-Speed Train Sidewalls

Study on the Effects of X-Groove Geometric Parameters on Post-Welding Deformation and Residual Stress of 800MPa Grade Marine High-Strength Steel in MIG Welding

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Deformation in Thick Large-sized Structural Stainless Steel SUS304 Electron Beam Welding

Strength Verification and Welding Process Research of Ultra Large Welding Drum

Influence of Aging Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SLMed Ultra-high Strength Steel