Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Electron Beam Welded Joints

LI Xiaoqiang; SONG Xiaojiao; GAO Jian; XIA Ling; HE Minghuan

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.12

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Electron Beam Welded Joints
Vol. 55, Issue 5, Pages: 89-93(2025)
Received：04 September 2024，

Revised：2025-01-27，

Published：20 May 2025
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.12
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

李晓强，宋晓娇，高健，等.钛合金电子束焊接接头组织和性能分析［J］.电焊机，2025，55（5）：89-93. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.12.

LI Xiaoqiang, SONG Xiaojiao, GAO Jian, et al.Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Electron Beam Welded Joints[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2025, 55(5): 89-93. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.12.

摘要

针对航空航天领域广泛应用的α+β双相钛合金TC11，为摸索双重退火态下电子束焊接接头的微观组织演化规律及其对力学性能的影响机制，本研究通过优化焊接工艺参数，对壁厚4.8 mm的筒体试验件开展真空电子束焊接试验。采用扫描电镜、显微硬度测试及拉伸试验表征焊接接头的组织与性能。研究结果表明，热影响区内初生α相形状开始变得不规则，且此区域的焊接温度可能在α→β转变点附近，因此开始析出β相；熔合区多为粗大的条状转变β相，呈竹篮结构，粗大的晶界上存在宽窄不均的α相。微观组织的不同导致在焊缝显微硬度比母材高约16.7%，且拉伸试验断裂在母材。TC11 M真空电子束焊接可以获得无裂纹、无气孔，强度大于1 030 MPa的Ⅰ级焊缝。该研究为中等壁厚钛合金构件的电子束焊接工艺设计提供了理论依据与参考。

Abstract

To investigate the microstructural evolution of electron beam welded joints in dual-aged TC11

an α+β dual-phase titanium alloy widely used in aerospace applications

and its influence on mechanical properties

this study conducted vacuum electron beam welding experiments on cylindrical specimens with a wall thickness of 4.8 mm through optimized process parameters. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were systematically characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

microhardness testing

and tensile testing.

Results

revealed that the primary α phase in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) exhibited irregular morphology due to thermal cycling near the α→β phase transformation temperature

accompanied by β-phase precipitation. The fusion zone predominantly consisted of coarse lamellar transformed β-phase with a bamboo basket structure

characterized by unevenly distributed α-phase along grain boundaries. The distinct microstructural features resulted in a 16.7% increase in weld microhardness compared to the base metal

while tensile fractures consistently occurred in the base metal

indicating superior weld integrity. The optimized TC11 M vacuum electron beam welding process successfully achieved defect-free Class I welds with a tensile strength exceeding 1 030 MPa. This study provides theoretical insights and practical references for electron beam welding process design of medium-thickness titanium alloy components.

关键词

Keywords

references

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