Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding Joint

LI Zhiqiang; FEI Shangcai

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.06

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Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding Joint
Vol. 55, Issue 5, Pages: 48-54(2025)
Received：08 October 2024，

Revised：2024-12-21，

Published：20 May 2025
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.06
稿件说明：

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李志强，飞尚才.7075-2A12异种铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织性能分析［J］.电焊机，2025，55（5）：48-54. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.06.

LI Zhiqiang, FEI Shangcai.Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of 7075-2A12 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welding Joint[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2025, 55(5): 48-54. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.05.06.

摘要

固定搅拌头转速和焊接速度，以前进侧（AS）材料为变量，对6 mm厚7075和2A12铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊接试验，研究不同AS侧材料下焊缝形貌、显微组织、力学性能的变化规律。结果表明，搅拌头转速800 r/min，焊接速度50 mm/min时，可获得不同AS侧材料的7075-2A12焊接接头，当AS侧材料为7075时，溢出带较少，成形较好；7075-2A12异种接头WNZ组织晶粒细小，为细小等轴晶，与AS-TMAZ有明显分界线，与RS-TMAZ无明显分界，TMAZ组织发生较大程度的弯曲变形；AS侧材料由7075变化为2A12时，焊接接头7075侧TMAZ组织晶粒尺寸在长、宽两个方向均出现尺寸增大现象，而2A12侧TMAZ组织晶粒尺寸有所减小；7075-2A12异种铝合金焊接接头显微硬度分布呈不规则“W”形，AS侧由7075变化为2A12时，WNZ硬度略有增大，接头抗拉强度和伸长率、冲击韧性均有略微升高。综合分析，AS侧材料为2A12时，可获得晶粒较细、力学性能较好的搅拌摩擦焊接接头。

Abstract

A friction stir welding experiment was conducted on 6mm thick 7075 and 2A12 aluminum alloy plates with fixed stirring head speed and welding speed

with the advance side (AS) material as the variable. The changes in weld morphology

microstructure

mechanical properties

etc. were studied under different AS side materials. The results show that when the stirring head speed is 800r/min and the welding speed is 50 mm/min

7075-2A12 welded joints of different AS side materials can be obtained. When the AS side material is 7075

there is less overflow zone and the forming is better; 7075-2A12 dissimilar joint WNZ has fine grains and is a fine equiaxed crystal

with a clear boundary with AS-TMAZ and no clear boundary with RS-TMAZ. The TMAZ structure undergoes significant bending deformation; When the AS material changes from 7075 to 2A12

the grain size of the TMAZ structure on the 7075 side of the welded joint increases in both the length and width directions

while the grain size of the TMAZ structure on the 2A12 side decreases; The microhardness distribution of the 7075-2A12 dissimilar aluminum alloy welded joint shows an irregular "W" shape. When the AS side material changes from 7075 to 2A12

the WNZ hardness slightly increases

and the tensile strength

elongation

and impact toughness of the joint also slightly increase. Based on comprehensive analysis

when the AS side material is 2A12

a dissimilar stir friction welded joint with finer grains and better mechanical properties can be obtained.

关键词

Keywords

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