Effects of Different Activators on Microstructure and Properties of Pulsed Laser Welded Joints of Extremely Thin Plates

HOU Dongxu; YIN Ziqiang; CHEN Peidun; XIA Dianxiu; WANG Shouren

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.03.06

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Effects of Different Activators on Microstructure and Properties of Pulsed Laser Welded Joints of Extremely Thin Plates
Vol. 55, Issue 3, Pages: 48-57(2025)
Received：02 January 2025，

Revised：2025-01-17，

Published：20 March 2025
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.03.06
稿件说明：

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侯东旭，殷子强，陈培敦，等.不同活化剂对超薄板脉冲激光焊焊接接头组织及性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2025，55（3）：48-57. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.03.06.

HOU Dongxu, YIN Ziqiang, CHEN Peidun, et al.Effects of Different Activators on Microstructure and Properties of Pulsed Laser Welded Joints of Extremely Thin Plates[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2025, 55(3): 48-57. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.03.06.

摘要

446铁素体不锈钢因其良好的耐腐蚀性和低廉的成本，在燃料电池双极板等领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，超薄板在焊接过程中易出现晶粒粗化和焊后变形等问题，限制了其应用。本研究旨在通过在脉冲激光焊接过程中加入CeO

、TiO

、SiO

、Y

四种活化剂，探究其对0.1 mm厚446铁素体不锈钢焊接接头微观组织、电化学腐蚀性能、力学性能和焊后变形量的影响。研究发现，活化剂的加入使晶粒粗化现象得到了明显改善，其中TiO

效果最佳，CeO

、Y

次之，SiO

效果最弱；Y

的加入导致针状铁素体组织形成。活化剂提升了焊接接头的电化学腐蚀性能，TiO

效果最佳，CeO

、Y

次之，SiO

效果最弱；活化剂促进了钝化膜的形成，并抑制了晶界处的碳化物析出，提高了材料的耐腐蚀性。活化剂降低了焊接接头的显微硬度，其中TiO

效果最显著，CeO

、SiO

次之，Y2O3由于针状铁素体的形成导致硬度

增加；活化剂细化晶粒，降低了接头的硬化现象电化学腐蚀性能以及力学性能增强，焊后变形量减小。活化剂减小了焊接接头的焊后变形量，这主要归因于活化剂提高了材料对激光能量的吸收效率，降低了焊接过程中的热输入，从而减少了因加热不均匀导致的变形。本研究为446铁素体不锈钢焊接接头的晶粒细化及性能提升提供了理论依据与工程化应用方案。

Abstract

Ferritic stainless steel 446

due to its good corrosion resistance and low cost

has broad application prospects in fields such as fuel cell bipolar plates. However

extremely thin plates are prone to grain coarsening and post-welding deformation during the welding process

limiting their application. This study aims to explore the effects of adding four activators - CeO

TiO

SiO

- during the pulsed laser welding process on the microstructure

electrochemical corrosion performance

mechanical properties

and post-welding deformation of 0.1 mm thick ferritic stainless steel 446 welding joints. The research found that the addition of activators significantly improved the phenomenon of grain coarsening

among which TiO

had the best effect

followed by CeO

and Y

with SiO

having the weakest effect; the addition of Y

led to the formation of acicular ferrite structure. Activators enhanced the electrochemical corrosion performance of the welding joints

with TiO

having the best effect

followed by CeO

and Y

and SiO

having the weakest effect; activators promoted the formation of passivation films and inhibited the precipitation of carbides at the grain boundaries

improving the material's corrosion resistance. Activators reduced the microhardness of the welding joints

among which TiO

had the most significant effect

followed by CeO

and SiO

while Y

increased hardness due to the formation of acicular ferrite; activators refined the grains

reducing the hardening phenomenon

enhancing electrochemical corrosion performance

and mechanical properties

and decreasing post-welding deformation. Activators reduced the post-welding deformation of the welding joints

mainly attributed to the fact that activators improved the material's absorption efficiency of laser energy

reducing the heat input during welding

thereby reducing deformation caused by uneven heating. This study provides a theoretical basis and engineering application scheme for grain refinement and performance improvement of ferritic stainless steel 446 welding joints.

关键词

Keywords

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