Study on Microstructure and Properties of TC4 Titanium alloy by Laser Coaxial Wire Feeding Additive Manufacturing

FU Chengxue; YIN Yanchao; LEI Xiaowei; YU Wei; CUI Yongjie; MA Zhaowei

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.02.08

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Study on Microstructure and Properties of TC4 Titanium alloy by Laser Coaxial Wire Feeding Additive Manufacturing
Vol. 55, Issue 2, Pages: 77-84(2025)
Received：29 October 2024，

Revised：21 November 2024，

Published：20 February 2025
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.02.08
稿件说明：

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符成学，尹艳超，雷小伟，等.TC4钛合金激光同轴送丝增材制造组织和性能研究［J］.电焊机，2025，55（2）：77-84. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.02.08.

FU Chengxue, YIN Yanchao, LEI Xiaowei, et al.Study on Microstructure and Properties of TC4 Titanium alloy by Laser Coaxial Wire Feeding Additive Manufacturing[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2025, 55(2): 77-84. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.02.08.

摘要

以

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1.2 mm TC4钛合金焊丝为原材料，通过激光同轴送丝增材制造技术，结合蛇形正交路径，系统研究了增材试件在不同方向和高度下的力学性能、截面形貌、晶粒度和晶粒取向等之间的联系。研究结果表明，优化工艺参数下，试件表面成形良好（银白色、无飞溅），内部无气孔、裂纹等缺陷（满足NB/T 47014.2—2015 I级要求）。微观组织分析显示，增材试样底部因多次热循环形成细小网篮组织，中上部的双态组织和魏氏组织特征更为明显。晶粒取向差随高度增加而减小（底部X/Y向分别为45.9°/43.1°，顶部降至37.8°/35.9°）。力学性能测试表明，横向与纵向的抗拉强度（差异2.57%）、断后伸长率（差异4.44%）及冲击韧性（52.6 J和55.3 J）均满足CCS《材料焊接与规范2023》中对TC4板材的要求。此外，由于增材过程中热循环的影响，下层沉积组织晶粒尺寸较小，硬度较高。增材试件在横向和纵向的晶粒度、晶粒取向和组织形态相近，力学性能的各向异性较小。本研究为TC4钛合金激光同轴送丝增材制造技术的工程化应用提供了重要的实验依据。

Abstract

Using

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1.2 mm TC4 titanium alloy welding wire as the raw material

through laser coaxial wire feeding additive manufacturing technology

combined with serpentine orthogonal paths

a systematic study was conducted on the relationship between the mechanical properties

cross-sectional morphology

grain size

and grain orientation of the additive test pieces in different directions and heights. The research results show that under optimized process parameters

the surface formation of the test pieces is good (silver-white

no spatter)

and there are no internal defects such as pores and cracks (meeting the requirements of NB/T 47014.2—2015 Grade I). Microstructure analysis shows that the bottom of the additive samples forms a fine basketweave microstructure due to multiple thermal cycles

and the characteristics of the bimodal microstructure and Widmanstätten

structure in the middle and upper parts are more prominent. The grain orientation difference decreases with increasing height (the bottom X/Y directions are 45.9°/43.1°

decreasing to 37.8°/35.9° at the top). Mechanical property tests show that the tensile strength in the transverse and longitudinal directions (difference 2.57%)

elongation after fracture (difference 4.44%)

and impact toughness (52.6 J and 55.3 J) all meet the requirements for TC4 plates in CCS "Material Welding and Code 2023". In addition

due to the influence of thermal cycling during the additive process

the grain size of the lower layer deposited microstructure is smaller and the hardness is higher. The grain size

grain orientation

and microstructure morphology of the additive test pieces in the transverse and longitudinal directions are similar

and the anisotropy of mechanical properties is small. This study provides important experimental evidence for the engineering application of TC4 titanium alloy laser coaxial wire feeding additive manufacturing technology.

关键词

Keywords

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