Effect of Protective Varnish Layer on the Quality of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of 10CrNiCu Steel

TIAN Guoqing; ZHANG Jiancai; ZHU Yiyu; ZHAO Wenyong; XU Guoxiang; YAN Dejun

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.12.03

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Effect of Protective Varnish Layer on the Quality of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of 10CrNiCu Steel
Vol. 54, Issue 12, Pages: 16-20(2024)
Received：12 August 2024，

Revised：2024-11-29，

Published：25 December 2024
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.12.03
稿件说明：

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田国庆，张建财，朱毅宇，等.保护漆层对10CrNiCu钢激光-电弧复合焊接质量的影响［J］.电焊机，2024，54（12）：16-20. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.12.03.

TIAN Guoqing, ZHANG Jiancai, ZHU Yiyu, et al.Effect of Protective Varnish Layer on the Quality of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of 10CrNiCu Steel[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(12): 16-20. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.12.03.

摘要

激光-电弧复合焊工艺稳定性对外界因素变化极为敏感。为了解10CrNiCu钢板材表面保护漆对激光-电弧复合热源焊接质量的影响，采用4 mm厚10CrNiCu钢板进行平板堆焊试验，系统研究了板材表面保护漆打磨与否对焊接工艺稳定性、成形形貌、金相组织及力学性能的影响规律。结果显示，表面打磨焊件在焊缝两侧存在金属飞溅且个数较多，约为19个，未打磨焊件只在起弧端存在3个小尺寸飞溅；未打磨焊件焊缝熔宽约为5.80 mm，打磨焊件熔宽约为6.85 mm，在未打磨焊件焊缝横截面底部存在贯穿型气孔；两者焊接接头的焊缝组织均由针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体组成，但打磨焊件组织中粒状贝氏体数量更多，分布更为均匀；焊件保护漆打磨与否，其拉伸断裂区域均位于母材，断后延伸率约为21%，断裂行为均为韧性断裂；打磨焊件平均硬度为266 HV，未打磨焊件的平均硬度为236 HV，相差约12.7%。保护漆的存在有效避免了焊接过程飞溅在焊缝周围的附着，但使得熔池有效热输入降低，焊缝尺寸减小，工艺稳定性降低，且容易出现气孔等缺陷。

Abstract

The stability of the laser-arc hybrid welding process is extremely sensitive to changes in external factors. In order to clarify the influence of surface protective paint on 10CrNiCu steel plates on the welding quality of the laser-arc hybrid heat source

a flat surfacing welding test was carried out using 10CrNiCu steel plates with a thickness of 4 mm. The influence laws of whether the surface protective paint of the plates was ground or not on the welding process stability

forming morphology

metallographic structure and mechanical properties were systematically studied. The results show that for the surface-ground weldments

there are metal spatters on both sides of the weld seam and the number is relatively large

about 19

while for the unground weldments

there are only 3 small-sized spatters at the arc initiation end; the weld melt width of the unground weldments is about 5.80 mm

and that of the ground weldments is about 6.85mm. There are through-type pores at the bottom of the weld cross-section of the unground weldments; the weld structures of the welded joints of both are composed of acicular ferrite and granular bainite

but the number of granular bainite in the microstructure of the ground weldments is larger and the distribution is more uniform; regardless of whether the protective paint of the weldments is ground or not

the tensile fracture areas are located in the base metal

and the elongation after fracture is about 21%

and the fracture behaviors are all ductile fractures; the average hardness of the ground weldments is 266 HV

and that of the unground weldments is 236 HV

with a difference of about 12.7%. The presence of protective paint effectively avoids the adhesion of spatters around the weld seam during the welding process

but reduces the effective heat input of the molten pool

reduces the weld size

reduces the process stability

and is prone to defects such as pores.

关键词

Keywords

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