Research on the Microstructure and Properties of Copper-Based Composite Coatings Prepared by Arc Cladding on Low Carbon Steel Surface

DIAO Jianshuai; GUO Siyang; ZHANG Min; ZHOU Wenkun; ZHANG Zhiqiang; LI Zhaoxu

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.11.05

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Research on the Microstructure and Properties of Copper-Based Composite Coatings Prepared by Arc Cladding on Low Carbon Steel Surface
Vol. 54, Issue 11, Pages: 33-43(2024)
Published： 25 November 2024 ，
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.11.05
稿件说明：

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刁健帅，郭斯阳，张敏，等.低碳钢表面电弧熔覆制备铜基复合涂层组织与性能研究［J］.电焊机，2024，54（11）：33-43.

DIAO Jianshuai, GUO Siyang, ZHANG Min, et al.Research on the Microstructure and Properties of Copper-Based Composite Coatings Prepared by Arc Cladding on Low Carbon Steel Surface[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(11): 33-43.
刁健帅，郭斯阳，张敏，等.低碳钢表面电弧熔覆制备铜基复合涂层组织与性能研究［J］.电焊机，2024，54（11）：33-43. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.11.05.

DIAO Jianshuai, GUO Siyang, ZHANG Min, et al.Research on the Microstructure and Properties of Copper-Based Composite Coatings Prepared by Arc Cladding on Low Carbon Steel Surface[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2024, 54(11): 33-43. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2024.11.05.

摘要

为研究电弧熔覆技术在低碳钢表面制备铜基熔覆层的效果，并探讨不同合金元素（Co、Cr、Ti、Mn）对熔覆层组织和性能的影响，以提升其在工程领域的应用价值。采用MIG机器人在Q345钢表面分别熔覆硅青铜实心焊丝和四种不同成分的药芯焊丝，制备Cu-Co、Cu-Cr、Cu-Ti、Cu-Mn、Cu-Si五种铜基熔覆层。通过XRD、SEM、EDS等手段对熔覆层的物相组成、微观组织和元素分布进行分析，并测试其硬度和摩擦磨损性能。研究表明，Cu-Co熔覆层界面结合良好，未出现MUZ区域，组织过渡均匀；Cu-Cr熔覆层中出现大量片状析出相，界面不平直；Cu-Ti熔覆层顶部存在大量金属化合物（铁钛、铜钛）；Cu-Mn 熔覆层顶部主要由Fe基固溶体和Cu基固溶体组成；Cu-Si熔覆层主要由α-Cu和富Fe相组成。Cu-Ti合金熔覆层硬度最高，Cu-Mn合金熔覆层硬度较为平稳。在摩擦磨损试验中，Cu-Co合金熔覆层表现出优异的耐磨性，摩擦系数低且磨损量小。添加Co元素能够有效消除熔覆层与低碳钢界面处的MUZ区域，并获得良好的组织过渡；添加Mn元素能够提升铜基熔覆层的硬度并改善其耐磨性；Cu-Co合金熔覆层具有优异的综合性能，建议优先选择。

Abstract

This paper aims to study the effect of arc cladding technology in preparing copper-based cladding layers on the surface of low carbon steel

and to explore the influence of different alloying elements (Co

Mn) on the microstructure and properties of the cladding layer

in order to enhance its application value in the engineering field. MIG robot was used to clad silicon bronze solid wire and four different cored wires with different components on the surface of Q345 steel

preparing Cu-Co

Cu-Cr

Cu-Ti

Cu-Mn

Cu-Si five kinds of copper-based cladding layers. The phase composition

microstructure and element distribution of the cladding layer were analyzed by XRD

SEM

EDS and other means

and its hardness and friction wear performance were tested. The research shows that the Cu-Co cladding layer has a good interface bonding

no MUZ area appears

and the microstructure transition is uniform; a large number of lamellar precipitates appear in the Cu-Cr cladding layer

and the interface is not straight; a large number of metal compounds (iron titanium

copper titanium) exist at the top of the Cu-Ti cladding layer; the top of the Cu-Mn cladding layer is mainly composed of Fe-based solid solution and Cu-based solid solution; the Cu-Si cladding layer is mainly composed of α-Cu and Fe-rich phase. The hardness of Cu-Ti alloy cladding layer is the highest

and the hardness of Cu-Mn alloy cladding layer is relatively stable. In the friction wear test

the Cu-Co alloy cladding layer shows excellent wear resistance

with low friction coefficient and small wear amount. The addition of Co element can effectively eliminate the MUZ area at the interface between the cladding layer and the low carbon steel

and obtain a good microstructure transition; the addition of Mn element can improve the hardness of the copper-based cladding layer and improve its wear resistance; the Cu-Co alloy cladding layer has excellent comprehensive performance

and it is recommended to be selected first.

关键词

电弧熔覆铜钢复合熔覆层Q345钢力学性能耐磨性

Keywords

arc claddingcopper-steel composite cladding layerQ345 steelmechanical propertieswear resistance

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