激光加载模式对Inconel 625焊接接头组织和性能的影响

侯童; 石玗; 许有伟; 朱明; 张刚; 张文著; 李春华

doi:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.10.04

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激光加载模式对Inconel 625焊接接头组织和性能的影响
Effect of Laser Application mode on the Organization and Properties of Inconel 625 Welded Joints
2026年56卷第10期页码：31-41
收稿：2025-06-19，

修回：2025-07-05，

纸质出版：2026-10-20
DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.10.04
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

侯童，石玗，许有伟，等.激光加载模式对Inconel 625焊接接头组织和性能的影响［J］.电焊机，2026，56（10）：31-41. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.10.04.

HOU Tong, SHI Yu, XU Youwei, et al.Effect of Laser Application mode on the Organization and Properties of Inconel 625 Welded Joints[J].Electric Welding Machine, 2026, 56(10): 31-41. DOI： 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.10.04.

摘要

为探究激光加载模式对Inconel 625焊接接头微观组织和力学性能的影响，分别采用传统高斯激光模式（GHS-LW）、恒功率振镜扫描模式（CPM-LW）和全域功率调制振镜模式（FDPM-LW）三种加载方式，对1 mm厚Inconel 625薄板进行自熔对接焊。利用SEM、EDS及EBSD等手段，对比分析了三种模式焊缝的宏观形貌、微观组织特征、第二相分布及力学性能。结果表明，振镜模式下光束的圆周振荡对熔池产生搅拌效应，降低了凝固过程的温度梯度并促进枝晶断裂，使焊缝中心等轴晶比例显著增大，Laves相析出减少且更加细小弥散。与GHS-LW相比，CPM-LW和FDPM-LW焊接接头的抗拉强度分别提高了9.9%和8.7%，延伸率分别提高了25.2%和32.6%，焊缝中心显微硬度亦有明显提升。全域功率调制振镜模式通过梯度功率输入产生更强烈的熔池搅拌，等轴晶细化效果更优。光束振荡引起的熔池动力学改变是实现Inconel 625焊接接头晶粒细化与Laves相抑制、进而提升综合力学性能的有效途径。

Abstract

To investigate the influence of laser loading modes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 welded joints

autogenous butt welding of 1 mm-thick Inconel 625 sheets was conducted using three loading modes: conventional Gaussian laser mode (GHS-LW)

constant-power galvanometer scanning mode (CPM-LW)

and full-domain power modulated galvanometer mode (FDPM-LW). The weld macro-morphology

microstructural characteristics

secondary phase distribution

and mechanical properties under the three modes were comparatively analyzed using SEM

EDS

and EBSD. The results indicate that the circular oscillation of the laser beam in galvanometer modes induces a stirring effect on the molten pool

reducing the temperature gradient during solidification and promoting dendrite fragmentation

which significantly increases the proportion of equiaxed grains in the weld center and reduces the precipitation of Laves phases with finer and more dispersed distribution. Compared with GHS-LW

the tensile strength of CPM-LW and FDPM-LW joints increases by 9.9% and 8.7%

respectively

and the elongation increases by 25.2% and 32.6%

respectively

with notable improvements in weld center microhardness. The FDPM-LW mode achieves superior equiaxed grain refinement through gradient power input that generates more intense molten pool stirring. Modifying the molten pool dynamics via beam oscillation serves as an effective approach for grain refinement

Laves phase suppression

and consequent enhancement of the comprehensive mechanical properties of Inconel 625 welded joints.

关键词

Keywords

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