钛合金耐压壳焊缝缺陷处的氢扩散仿真研究
Simulation Study on Hydrogen Diffusion at Weld Defects of Titanium Alloy Pressure Shells
- 2026年56卷第10期 页码:9-18
收稿:2026-05-26,
修回:2026-07-08,
纸质出版:2026-10-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.10.02
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收稿:2026-05-26,
修回:2026-07-08,
纸质出版:2026-10-20
移动端阅览
针对钛合金耐压球壳焊缝处易产生氢致延迟裂纹的问题,基于氢在金属中的扩散及平面氢压理论,建立钛合金耐压球壳焊缝含内部缺陷的氢扩散计算模型,开展氢在焊缝缺陷处的扩散聚集数值研究。通过氢渗透试验和焊缝相组成模型,获得钛合金氢扩散系数和溶解度参数;建立焊缝内部含不同形状气孔的有限元模型,开展缺陷处应力场与氢扩散耦合计算,比较分析载荷形式、气孔类型对氢扩散聚集的影响。研究结果表明:在恒定载荷下,氢浓度在焊缝气孔周围向几何梯度大的区域聚集,向压应力区域聚集;在交变载荷下,气孔形状(几何梯度)影响着氢分布,几何梯度大的区域氢浓度显著增加,易诱发氢致裂纹沿着几何梯度大的区域扩展。研究揭示了缺陷几何梯度与应力梯度的耦合效应是控制氢聚集程度的关键因素,可为钛合金耐压壳体焊缝缺陷的安全性评估提供依据。
To explain the problem of hydrogen induced delayed cracking at the weld seam of titanium alloy pressure spherical shell
based on the diffusion theory of hydrogen in metals and the plane hydrogen pressure theory
a hydrogen diffusion calculation model with internal defects in the weld seam of titanium alloy pressure spherical shell is established
and numerical simulation research on hydrogen diffusion and aggregation at the weld seam defects is carried out. The parameters of hydrogen diffusion coefficient and solubility of titanium alloy are obtained through hydrogen permeation test and weld phase composition model; a finite element model with different shapes of pores inside the weld seam has been established
the coupled calculation of stress field and hydrogen diffusion at the defect has been carried out
compare and analyze the influence of load form and pore type on hydrogen diffusion and aggregation. The research results indicate
under constant loads
hydrogen concentration accumulates in the area with high geometric gradients and towards the area of compressive stress around the weld pores; under alternating loads
the shape of pores (geometric gradients) affects the hydrogen distribution
and hydrogen concentration significantly increase in the area with large geometric gradients
which can easily induce hydrogen induced cracks to propagate along the area with large geometric gradients.The study reveals that the coupling effect of defect geometric gradient and stress gradient is the key factor controlling the degree of hydrogen accumulation
which can provide a basis for the safety assessment of weld defects in titanium alloy pressure shells.
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