TiC对Ni基合金微观组织及性能的影响
The Effect of TiC on the Microstructure and Properties of Ni-based Alloys
- 2026年56卷第1期 页码:27-34
收稿:2025-02-24,
修回:2025-05-06,
纸质出版:2026-01-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.04
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收稿:2025-02-24,
修回:2025-05-06,
纸质出版:2026-01-20
移动端阅览
部分机械设备在长期工作中难免会发生磨损和腐蚀的情况,Ni基合金具有良好的耐蚀性和耐磨性是一种常用的耐磨材料,传统的Ni基耐磨合金组织相对粗大,在磨损时容易产生裂纹影响其寿命以及耐磨性,本文为了细化Ni基合金的组织,提高耐磨性能并减少裂纹,采用埋弧焊(SAW)的方法制备了两种TiC含量不同的Ni基合金并,与不含TiC的Ni基合金进行了对比,分析了TiC对Ni基合金组织与性能的影响。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对堆焊层组织、成分和物相等进行了分析,并测试了堆焊层的洛氏硬度。结果表明,含有TiC合金的堆焊层组织由γ-(Ni,Fe)、M
7
C
3
/M
23
C
6
、(Ti,Cr)C、(Ti,Cr)(B,C)及未熔的TiC组成,碳化物均匀分布在基体上,不含TiC合金的堆焊层组织主要为奥氏体。两种含有TiC的合金堆焊层平均硬度分别为51.3 HRC、55.0 HRC,相比不含TiC的合金硬度有明显提升。TiC可以细化M
7
C
3
和M
23
C
6
尺寸,含量越高,效果越明显,但其焊接工艺性变差,TiC加入后,Ti过渡到熔渣中,熔渣与金属结合性提高,TiC越多,熔渣越难清理。
Partial machinery in long-term work will inevitably occur wear and corrosion
Ni-based alloy has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance is a commonly used wear-resistant materia. The traditional Ni-base wear-resistant alloy has relatively coarse structure
which is easy to crack during wear and affects its life and wear resistance. In order to refine the microstructure of Ni-based alloys
improve their wear resistance
and reduce cracking
Two kinds of Ni-based alloys with different TiC content were prepared by submerged arc welding (SAW) and compared with those without TiC. The effect of TiC on the microstructure and properties of Ni-based alloys was analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)
and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were utilized to analyze the microstructure
composition
and phases of the alloy. The Rockwell hardness of the surfacing layer was also tested. The results show that the structure of the surfacing layer containing TiC alloy was composed of γ-(Ni
Fe)
M
7
C
3
/M
23
C
6
(Ti
Cr)C
(Ti
Cr)(B
C) and unmelted TiC. The carbides were evenly distributed on the matrix.
The structure of the surfacing layer without TiC alloy was mainly austenite. The average hardness of the surfacing layer of the two alloys containing TiC was 51.3 HRC and 55.0 HRC respectively
which was significantly higher than that of the alloys without TiC. TiC refined the size of M
7
C
3
and M
23
C
6
carbides
and the effect became more pronounced with higher TiC content. However
its addition negatively affected the weld ability. With the addition of TiC
Ti transitioned into the slag
enhanced the bonding between the slag and the metal. The higher the TiC content
the more difficult it became to remove the slag.
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