基于3D动态补偿的火焰切割工作站设计与实现
Design and Implementation of a Flame Cutting Workstation with Dynamic Compensation
- 2025年55卷第11期 页码:10-16
收稿:2025-03-10,
修回:2025-04-11,
纸质出版:2025-11-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.11.02
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收稿:2025-03-10,
修回:2025-04-11,
纸质出版:2025-11-20
移动端阅览
针对采煤机滚筒端盘火焰切割过程中因装夹误差和加工误差导致的切割精度不足、生产效率低下等问题,开发了一套基于3D视觉动态补偿的自动化切割工作站。该工作站集成机器人、变位机、专用夹具和3D相机,采用离线编程生成理想切割轨迹,并嵌入动态补偿指令,以提高切割精度。在现场作业中,系统利用3D相机拍摄工件定位盲孔,采用三点定圆法分别求解工件实际圆心和旋转中心。基于变位机旋转轴实时角度,计算工件圆心在旋转过程中的位置变化,并据此确定平移与旋转轴的补偿量。多次现场试验表明,该工作站在火焰切割作业中可将径向平均误差稳定控制在1 mm以内;切割周期较传统人工操作缩短20%~30%,同时大幅降低了高温作业环境下的人工安全风险。研究表明,该自动化工作站通过离线编程、3D视觉和动态补偿的结合,有效修正了采煤机滚筒端盘的切割误差,具有较高的工程应用价值和推广前景。
To address the challenges of insufficient cutting accuracy and low production efficiency caused by clamping errors
machining inaccuracies
and inconsistent installation angles of shearer drum end discs during flame cutting
an automated cutting workstation based on 3D visual dynamic compensation was developed. This workstation integrates a robot
positioner
dedicated fixture
and 3D camera
utilizing offline programming to generate ideal cutting trajectories embedded with dynamic compensation commands.During operation
the system employs a 3D camera to capture images of the workpiece’s positioning blind holes and determines the workpiece’s center and rotational center using the three-point circle determination method. Based on the positioner’s rotation angle
the system calculates the workpiece’s center displacement during rotation and determines the necessary translational and rotational compensation values.Field trials demonstrated that the system achieves an average radial error consistently below 1 mm in flame cutting while reducing the cutting cycle time by 20%-30%. This significantly enhances cutting accuracy and production efficiency while minimizing manual operational risks. The study confirms that this automated workstation
integrating offline programming
3D vision
and dynamic compensation
effectively corrects cutting errors in shearer drum end discs. It offers high engineering applicability and strong potential for widespread adoption
providing a reliable technical solution for precision machining of large rotating workpieces.
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