钛合金熔化焊技术研究现状及发展趋势
Research Status and Development Trends of Titanium Alloy Melting Welding Technology
- 2025年55卷第8期 页码:1-23
收稿日期:2024-11-10,
修回日期:2025-04-11,
纸质出版日期:2025-08-20
DOI: 10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.08.01
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收稿日期:2024-11-10,
修回日期:2025-04-11,
纸质出版日期:2025-08-20
移动端阅览
聚焦钛合金熔化焊技术,系统梳理激光焊、气体保护焊(TIG/MIG)及激光-电弧复合焊等主流工艺的研究进展:揭示了不同焊接方法中接头脆化、气孔及裂纹的形成机制,阐明了工艺参数(如激光功率、保护气流量)对焊缝微观组织(α'/β相演变)及力学性能的调控规律;重点分析了新型工艺的突破,包括锁孔TIG焊的深熔透机理、真空激光焊的熔深提升效应、激光填丝焊的成分优化策略,以及激光-电弧复合焊对异种材料连接的适应性。针对当前厚板焊接缺陷控制难、异种材料界面脆性相生成等瓶颈,提出未来需在智能化缺陷监测、专用药芯焊丝研发及多能场协同焊接等方向突破,为钛合金构件的高效高质量连接提供理论与技术支撑。
Focusing on the fusion welding technology of titanium alloys
this paper systematically reviews the research progress of mainstream processes such as laser welding
gas shielded welding (TIG/MIG)
and laser-arc hybrid welding: it reveals the formation mechanisms of joint brittleness
porosity
and cracks in different welding methods
and clarifies the control rules of process parameters (such as laser power
shielding gas flow rate) on the microstructure (α'/β phase evolution) and mechanical properties of the weld; it particularly analyzes the breakthroughs of new processes
including the deep melting mechanism of keyhole TIG welding
the melting depth enhancement effect of vacuum laser welding
the composition optimization strategy of laser filler welding
and the adaptability of laser-arc hybrid welding to dissimilar material connections. In view of the current challenges such as the difficulty in controlling defects in thick plate welding and the formation of brittle phases at the interface of dissimilar materials
it is proposed that future breakthroughs are needed in intelligent defect monitoring
the development of special cored wires
and multi-energy field collaborative welding
providing theoretical and technical support for the efficient and high-quality connection of titanium alloy components.
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